The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 1 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
History
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 1 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
placed somewhere in the tract which includes the chain of bosses of
Penmaen-mawr, Y-foel-frâs, and Y Drosgl. The chief centre of eruption
no doubt lay somewhere in the Snowdon tract, where the lavas and
tuffs attain their greatest thickness, and whence they thin away in
all directions. The Mynydd-mawr boss may be presumed to have been one
of the main vents. But there were not improbably others, now concealed
under the deep cover of their own ejections.
[Footnote 214: Mr. Harker speaks of some of them as laccolites.]
[Footnote 215: _Op. cit._ pp. 57, 72.]
[Footnote 216: See especially pp. 9, 120 _et seq._, and fig. 6 of his
Essay.]
More diligent search, with a special eye to the discovery of such
vents, might indeed be rewarded, even in the midst of the volcanic
district itself. To the north-east of Capel Curig, for example, there
is a prominent knob of agglomerate,[217] which I visited with Mr. B.
N. Peach, and which we regarded as probably marking one of the minor
vents. The material of this eminence has a base which by itself would
probably be regarded by the field-geologist as a felsite. But through
this compact matrix are dispersed abundant stones of all sizes up to
six inches or more in diameter. They are mostly subangular or somewhat
rounded-off at the edges, and generally markedly cellular. Among
them may be observed pieces of trachyte, felsite, and a rock that is
probably a devitrified pitchstone or obsidian. The vesicles in these
stones are sometimes lined with an acicular zeolite. Traces of rude
bedding can be detected, dipping at high angles. On the north-east side
of the hill finer agglomerate is seen to alternate with ashy grits and
grey shales, which, dipping E.N.E. at 20°-30°, pass under a group of
felsites, one at least of which retains a very fine perlitic structure
and evidently flowed as a true glass. Some of these lavas are full of
enclosed pieces of various flinty cellular and porphyritic felsites and
andesites or trachytes, like the stones which occur abundantly in the
agglomerate. The connection of these bedded lavas and tuffs with the
agglomerate-neck seems obvious.
[Footnote 217: This rock is referred to in the _Geological Survey
Memoir_ as "a short thick band of conglomeratic ash, which strikes
northwards about half a mile and then disappears" (p. 134).]
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