The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
An intelligent appreciation of some of the geological interest of the
region is to be found in the writings of Whitehurst,[125] who gave a
good account of the basalt-cliffs of Antrim, and regarded the basaltic
rocks as the results of successive outflows of lava from some centre
now submerged beneath the Atlantic. More important are the observations
contained in two letters of Abraham Mills.[126] This writer had been
struck with the dykes on the north coast of Ireland, and was led to
examine also those in some of the nearer Scottish islands. He believed
them to be of truly volcanic origin, and spoke of them as veins of
lava. A few years later, Faujas St. Fond made his well-known pilgrimage
to the Western Isles. Familiar with the volcanic rocks of Central
France, he at once recognized the volcanic origin of the basalts of
Mull, Staffa and the adjoining islands.[127] His account of the journey,
published in Paris in 1797, may be taken as the beginning of the
voluminous geological literature which has since gathered round the
subject. Three years afterwards (1800) appeared Jameson's _Outline
of the Mineralogy of the Scottish Isles_. Fresh from the teaching of
Werner at Freiberg, the future distinguished Professor of Natural
History in the Edinburgh University naturally saw everything in the
peculiar Wernerian light. He gave the first detailed enumeration of
some of the eruptive rocks of the Hebrides, but of course ridiculed
the idea of their igneous origin. Having heard of a reported "crater
of a volcano" near Portree, he ironically expressed a hope that "there
may be still sufficient heat to revive the spirits of some forlorn
fire-philosopher, as he wanders through this cold, bleak country."[128]
[Footnote 125: _Inquiry into the Original State and Formation of the
Earth_, 2nd edit. 1786.]
[Footnote 126: _Philosophical Transactions for 1790._]
[Footnote 127: _Voyage en Angleterre, en Écosse et aux Îles Hébrides._
Paris, 1797.]
[Footnote 128: It will be shown in a later chapter that there is a
remarkably perfect volcanic vent near Portree, but the supposed crater
referred to by Jameson was probably some little corry among the sheets
of basalt.]
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