The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
In Eigg the fragment of the basalt-plateau which has been preserved,
rests unconformably on successive platforms of the Jurassic formations.
Its component sheets of lava rise in cliffs around the greater part
of the island. As they dip gently southwards their lower members are
seen along the northern and eastern shores, while on the south-west
side their higher portions are exposed in the lofty precipices which
there plunge vertically into the sea. The total thickness of the
volcanic series may here be about 1100 feet. The rocks consist of the
usual types--black, fine-grained, columnar and amorphous basalts,
more coarsely crystalline dolerites, dull earthy amygdaloids with red
partings, and occasional thin bands of basalt-conglomerate or tuff.
The individual beds range in thickness from 20 to 50 or 60 feet.
Though they seem quite continuous when looked at from the sea, yet, on
closer examination, they are found not unfrequently to die out, the
place of one bed being taken by another, or even by more than one,
in continuation of the same horizon. The only marked petrographical
variety which occurs among them is a light-coloured band which stands
out conspicuously among the darker ordinary sheets of the escarpment on
the east side of the island. The microscopic characters of this rock
show it to belong to the same series of highly felspathic, andesitic,
or trachitic lavas as the "pale group" of Ben More, in Mull. It is
strongly vesicular, and the cells are in some parts so flattened and
elongated as to impart a kind of fissile texture to the rock. There
can be no doubt that this band is a true lava, and that it was poured
out during the accumulation of the basalt-plateau. It supplies an
interesting example of the intercalation of a lighter and less basic
lava among the ordinary heavy basic basalts and dolerites.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account