The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
As an illustration of the centres of eruption from which these
materials were ejected, De la Beche drew special attention once
more to the conspicuous eminence of Brent Tor and the rocks in its
neighbourhood. His remarks on this subject are well worthy of being
quoted--"The idea that in the vicinity of Brent Tor a volcano has
been in action, producing effects similar to those produced by active
volcanoes, forcibly presents itself. That this volcano projected ashes,
which, falling into adjacent water, became interstratified with the
mud, silt and sand there depositing, seems probable. That greenstones
and other solid trappean rocks constituted the lavas of that period
and locality, here and there intermingled with the ash, appears also a
reasonable hypothesis. Upon the whole there seems as good evidence as
could be expected that to the north and north-west of Tavistock, ash,
cinders and liquid melted rocks were ejected and became intermingled
with mud, silt and sand during this ancient geological epoch,
corresponding with the phenomena exhibited in connection with volcanoes
of the present day, more particularly when they adjoin or are situated
in the sea, or other waters where ejected ashes, cinders and lava can
be intermingled with ordinary mud, silt and sand."[64]
[Footnote 64: _Op. cit._ p. 122.]
It remains for some future observer to fill up the outlines thus
sketched by De la Beche, by tracing the respective areas of lavas and
tuffs, distinguishing the various petrographical types, separating the
intrusive from the interstratified sheets, identifying the necks and
bosses that may mark centres of eruption, and expressing these various
details upon maps on a sufficiently large scale.
A serious difficulty in this research arises from the effect of the
profound alteration which has been produced on the igneous rocks by
the cleavage of the region. Many of the "greenstones" have been so
cleaved as to become slaty or almost schistose. De la Beche recognized
this change and wrote of the "schistose trappean ash." A result of this
metamorphism has been to impart to rocks originally massive the same
fissile structure as the adjacent slates possess; and in this condition
it is often hardly possible to distinguish between "greenstone" and
fine-grained "ash." There can indeed be little doubt that among these
Carboniferous volcanic rocks, as we have seen to be the case with those
of the Devonian system in the same region, many lavas or sills have
been mapped as tuffs.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account