The Animal Parasites of ManFantham, Harold Benjamin
Science
The Animal Parasites of Man
Fantham, Harold Benjamin
Medical parasitology
Large flat forms, genital pore _in front_ of ventral sucker, the
latter powerful. Vitellariæ of numerous follicles, united by
branching vitellarian ducts, at the sides of the body meeting
posteriorly and extending ventrally and dorsally. Cirrus and vagina
without spines. No crown of strong spines around sucker. Testes much
branched. Uterus not well developed. Excretory bladder much branched.
Eggs large.
Sub-family. *Fasciolinæ*, Odhner, 1910.
Large or median forms, gut much branched. Body has a shoulder
separating head from body. Receptaculum seminis absent. Ovary
branched, ventral sucker in anterior part of body. Genus: _Fasciola_.
Sub-family. *Fasciolopsinæ*, Odhner, 1910.
Shoulder absent. Receptaculum seminis present. Ovary branched, gut
takes a zig-zag course with kinks on it, ventral sucker in anterior
part of body. Genus: _Fasciolopsis_.
Family. *Opisthorchiidæ*, Braun, 1901, emend. auctor.
Ovary in front of testes. Small to medium flukes, very transparent,
tapering anteriorly. Vitellaria moderately developed not extending
in front of sucker. Cirrus absent. Seminal vesicle a twisted tube
free in parenchyma. Testes near hind end one behind the other, lobed
or branched, but not dendritically. Excretory bladder *Y*-shaped,
the two limbs short, the stem *S*-shaped passing between the testes.
Receptaculum seminis well developed. Laurer’s canal present. Uterine
coils transverse, numerous. Eggs small.
Sub-family. *Opisthorchiinæ*, Looss, 1899, emend. auctor.
_Opisthorchiidæ_ in which the excretory pore is terminal. Excretory
bladder long, dorsal to testes. Uterine coils not overlapping gut
forks. Genera: _Opisthorchis_, _Paropisthorchis_, _Clonorchis_,
_Amphimerus_, etc.
Sub-family. *Metorchiinæ*, Lühe, 1909.
_Opisthorchiidæ_ in which the excretory pore is ventral. Excretory
bladder short, ventral to testes. Uterine coils partly overlapping
gut forks and extend anteriorly beyond the sucker. Vitellaria
compressed on the sides of the body. Genus: _Metorchis_.
Family. *Dicrocœliidæ*, Odhner, 1910.
Ovary _behind_ testes. Testes behind the ventral sucker, between it
and the ovary. Body thin and transparent. Cirrus sac encloses the
pars prostatica and seminal vesicle. Skin smooth. Gut forks do not
reach posterior end. Receptaculum seminis and Laurer’s canal present.
Vitellaria, moderate, lateral in mid-body slightly overlapping the
gut. Uterus with an ascending and descending branch and numerous
transverse coils extending to hind end. Eggs dark brown, 25 µ to
60 µ. Excretory bladder tubular in posterior third or half of body.
Parasitic in bile-ducts of mammals and birds. Genus: _Dicrocœlium_.
Family. *Heterophyiidæ*, Odhner, 1914.
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