Similar cases are also reported (1892–3) by other authors: Jürgens, Kartulis, Posner, and Wijnhoff. Jürgens found small mucous cysts, filled with amœboid bodies, in the bladder of an old woman suffering from chronic cystitis; they were also found in the vagina. The amœba observed by Kartulis in the sanguineous urine of a woman, aged 58, suffering from a tumour of the bladder, measured 12 µ to 20 µ, and exhibited slow movements by protruding short pseudopodia. The vacuoles and nucleus became visible only after staining with methylene blue. Posner’s case related to a man, aged 37, who had hitherto been quite healthy and had never been out of Berlin. Suddenly, after a rigor, he passed urine tinged with blood. This contained, besides red and white blood corpuscles and hyaline and granular casts, large granular bodies (about 50 µ in length and 28 µ in breadth), which slowly altered their shape, and contained red blood corpuscles in addition to other foreign matter. These bodies exhibited one or several nuclei and some vacuoles. From the course of the disease, which extended over a year, and during which similar attacks recurred, Posner came to the conclusion that the amœbæ which had originally invaded the bladder had penetrated into the pelvis of the kidney, where they probably had settled in a cyst, and thence induced the repeated attacks. Wijnhoff observed four cases of amœburia in Utrecht. *Amœba miurai*, Ijima, 1898. [Illustration: FIG. 12.--_Amœba miurai_, Ij. × 500. _a_, fresh; _b_, after treatment with dilute acetic acid. (After Ijima.)] Under this term the author describes protoplasmic bodies which Miura, in Tokyo, found in the serous fluid of a woman, aged 26, who had died from pleuritis and peritonitis endotheliomatosa. Two days before death these same forms had also appeared in the hæmorrhagic fæces of the patient. The bodies were usually spherical or ellipsoidal, and at one pole carried a small protuberance (fig. 12) beset with filamentous short “pseudopodia” (really a pseudopodium covered with cilia). Their size varied between 15 µ and 38 µ. The cytoplasm was finely granular, and no difference was observable in the ecto- and endo-plasm, only the villous appendage was clearer. The cytoplasm contained vacuoles more or less numerous, none of which was contractile. After the addition of acetic acid one to three nuclei could be distinguished, 8 µ to 15 µ in size. Actual movements were not observed. Taking everything into consideration, the independent nature of these bodies is, to say the least, doubtful, although it cannot be denied that they possess a certain similarity to the marine _Amœba fluida_, Grüber or Greeff, and to a few other species. (It is likely that cells present in serous exudation were mistaken for amœbæ.) APPENDIX. “_Rhizopods in Poliomyelitis acuta._”