Barbers -- England -- London -- History -- Sources; Barbers' Company (London, England) -- History; Surgery -- England -- London -- History -- Sources
In the hundred years between 1746 and 1845, 2,964 persons were admitted
to the freedom and 4,298 apprentices were presented, being an average
of about 30 of the former and 43 of the latter for each year. The least
number of freemen coming on was in 1845, when only 5 were admitted, and
of apprentices in 1844, when but 4 were presented.
The apprentices always seem to have been a fruitful source of trouble
both to their Masters and to the Company, and numerous are the
entries of their floggings and imprisonments. The term of servitude
was generally seven years, but in a few instances it was eight and
even nine, the age at which boys were taken was usually fourteen, and
before the Indentures were sealed the boy was “presented” to the Court
that it might be seen that he was clean and not deformed or diseased.
If approved, the Indentures were executed and recorded, and in all
cases the apprentice actually lived with his Master, who covenanted
to find him meat, drink, apparel, lodging and all other necessaries
according to the custom of the City. If the boy’s master died or for
other reasons was unable to continue his business, it became necessary
for him to be “turned over” to another master, free of the Company,
and that such turn over should be approved and recorded, otherwise the
apprentice was disqualified for his freedom. When his term expired the
Master brought him to the Hall and “testified” to his faithful service,
whereupon he became entitled to the freedom on payment of a nominal
fine. Sometimes Masters refused to make their apprentices free, in
which cases the Court enquired into the circumstances, and acted in
accordance with the merits of the case.
From the earliest times the custom has prevailed to admit women to the
freedom, mostly by apprenticeship, but also by patrimony, and these
freewomen bound their apprentices, both boys and girls, at the Hall; of
course the ladies were not admitted to the livery, but otherwise they
had the same privileges as freemen so far as the same were compatible
with their sex. At the present time (1890) there is one freewoman of
the Barbers’ Company.
APPRENTICES.
Ordered 17th July, 1551. That Water Lynche whiche was prentise w{th}
John Tholmwoode Barborsurgeon shalbe and ys contented to serve Thomas
Woolf as a prentice from the daye above written untyll the viij{th}
yere of King Edward the sixte and so the sayd Water Lynche his yeres
to be fully ended and ronne out at the feaste of all Saints as may
appere by his Indenture.
19th September, 1552. Ordered that when any prentise dothe goo awaye
from his M{r} the same M{r} shall bring in his Indenture and here to
remayne tyll the prentice come agayne and to be regestred.
It was also ordered that the Beadle should make out all Indentures of
apprenticeship, and any one else presuming to do so should pay a fine
of 3_s._ 4_d._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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