measures for the prevention of this, and for the due publication of our Provincial enactment aforesaid. Fare you well always in Christ. Written at Ikham[46] on the 13th day of the month of July. [46] Near Wingham, Kent. THOMAS, Archbishop of Canterbury.” An Ordinance was forthwith made thereupon, to the effect, that no barber, his wife, son, daughter, apprentice, or servant, should work at such craft on Sundays within the liberty of the city, either in hair cutting or shaving, on pain of paying 6_s._ 8_d._ for each offence; 5_s._ thereof to go to the new work at the Guildhall, and the remainder to the Wardens or Masters of the Barbers within the city.[47] [47] Riley p. 594. 1422. In August of this year Henry V died, and thirty-two of the City Companies assisted at his obsequies, going in procession and carrying torches. From an entry in _Letter-Book K._ 1{B.}, it appears that the Barbers bore four torches on this occasion. 1447. This year the Company seem to have contributed 40_s._ towards the cost of the Roof of the Chapel at Guildhall, as appears by the following entry in _Journal IV_, 198 (25th October, 26 Henry VI)-- Itmˀ gardiani misterˀ barbitonsoꝜ & importaverunt in Cur xl{s.} sterlingoꝜ pˀse & misterˀ sua ad coopturam Guyhaɫd Sc̃. Capelle. [Illustration] [Illustration] THE BARBERS INCORPORATE. Hitherto we have considered two distinct and somewhat hostile fraternities, the Surgeons on the one hand, and on the other the Barbers (consisting of Barbers and Barber-Surgeons), both of them City Guilds, existing by prescription, having independent rules and Ordinances for their government and the scrutiny and correction of abuses in their respective Crafts, the former Company few in number, the latter far more numerous and popular; the Surgeons without, and the Barbers with, a Livery. Of these two fraternities, the Barbers by the regular and every day nature of their calling, as shavers and hair cutters, together with the practice of Surgery combined by so many of them, were the most likely to become the more popular Company; their fees would surely be on a lower scale than those of the more aristocratic Surgeons, and their numbers and constant intercourse with the citizens, in their capacity as Barbers, enabled them easily to extend their connection as Surgeons. In all their contentions with the Surgeons’ Guild, as far as we know, they held their own well, and thus it was that their place in the City, as a Livery Guild of at that time an ancient standing, their position as the professors of useful and scientific arts, their numbers and presumable affluence, all rendered it desirable that they should be placed upon the same footing as the better class of Guilds, by their acquisition of a Charter of Incorporation, which they accordingly obtained from the young King Edward IV in the first year of his reign (1462).