The apiary; or, bees, bee-hives, and bee culture [1878]: being a familiar account of the habits of bees, and the most improved methods of managementNeighbor, Alfred
Science
The apiary; or, bees, bee-hives, and bee culture [1878]: being a familiar account of the habits of bees, and the most improved methods of management
The sense of hearing has been denied bees by some, but against
all evidence; others contend that the seat of this power is also
situate in their antennæ. The sounds which bees emit, particularly
at swarming time, are conclusive that they possess this faculty; the
only reasons for arriving at an opposite conclusion seem to be, that
they are indifferent to most sounds, even the loudest, not emitted by
themselves--but even to this there is the notable exception of the
fright they evince at drumming on their hives--and that no precise
organ of hearing can be found. Naturalists are now more united in the
opinion that the seat of hearing is here located. The antennæ are said
to have also another office, viz., that they act as a barometer, by
which bees know the stale of the weather and are premonished of storms;
the darkening of the sky seems, however, to be frequently the cause of
their trooping homeward, though they care not for the loudest thunder,
so long as the sun continues to shine. In the dark recesses of the hive
the feelers are exceedingly serviceable, and may truly be denominated
"eyes to the blind."
Bees possess acutely the sense of smell, and, attracted by the
fragrance of flowers, they may be seen winging their way a considerable
distance in an undeviating course, even sometimes in the face of
weather which one might have thought they would not have braved. The
precise seat of this sense, however, is another doubtful point. Dr.
Dönhoff ascribes this also to the antennæ, stating that if these
are cut off the bees lose the faculty, but regain it after a time.
Schönfeld takes this as proving the case the other way; but are we not
familiar with analogies in which on the loss of some organ its function
has been developed elsewhere--especially when as here the rudiments of
the lost part must have remained? Schönfeld's own surmise is that the
faculty resides in the surfaces of the inner respiratory organs; Dr.
Hicks (the assistant author of Samuelson's "Honey Bee") places it in a
number of vesicles at the roots of the wings; others again attribute
it to two depressions in the lower portion of the face. But Dönhoff's
reference to the antennæ has experiment, to our view, in its favour,
though of course not decisively so. But whether this is correct or not,
this pair of horns play an important part with the useful faculties
which they combine.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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