should expend 500 lire (about £20[195]) on the repairs of this building; and in 1435 penalties were inflicted on any one who removed any of the stone. This shews that the people of Verona were more civilized than the Romans at that period. In 1545 a special officer was appointed to take charge of it. The restoration of the seats has been carefully done, and is not perceived without some examination. This restoration was begun by voluntary subscription as early as 1568, and continued as late as 1805. The arches were numbered on the exterior, as in the Colosseum; the four that remain have the numbers LXIIII to LXVII over them. The arrangement of the masts and poles for the awning are the same as in Rome, and were managed in the same manner. The plan of the _vomitoria_ is also nearly the same. No excavations appear to have been made _under_ the arena; a plan and section of the substructures under the galleries is given by Maffei, they are similar to those in Rome. He does not appear to have been aware that there was likely to have been anything under the arena; he mentions the conduits of aqueducts, and drains for carrying off the water, which seem to shew that _naumachia_ were held here, but we have no information as to how they were managed. The proportions of the three principal amphitheatres, as given in the work of Alvino[196], in Neapolitan palms[197] of ten inches are:— | Colosseum. | Verona. | Capua. +------------+---------+-------- Length of interior | 639 | 522 | 645 Breadth of interior | 527 | 417 | 530 Length of arena | 298 | 252 | 289 Breadth of arena | 186 | 149 | 174 Height of first order | 35 | 29 | 36 Entire height of interior | 174 | 91 | 169 No. of orders[198] | 4 | 3 | 4 Actual height of ruins | 171 | 62 | 75 No. of arches | 80 | 72 | 80 Circuit | 170 | 134 | 178 Gates | 2 | 1 | 2 Width of arches | 15 | 12½ | 15 Breadth of pilasters | 8 | 6⅓ | 8 THE AMPHITHEATRE AT POLA, IN ISTRIA.