AQUEDUCTS BELOW TIVOLI. AQUA MARCIA, RESERVOIR. [Illustration: AQUEDUCTS BELOW TIVOLI AQUA MARCIA RESERVOIR RESERVOIR OF AQUA MARCIA INTERIOR] This is another of the great reservoirs to receive and retain a supply of water on the edge of the hill, both as one of the many such reservoirs for the supply of water to Rome, and for the purpose of local irrigation. It consists of two large chambers, divided by an arcade, which is the usual plan, and is probably part of the original construction of B.C. 145. These reservoirs are remarkably picturesque and finely situated. PLATE XI. AQUEDUCTS BELOW TIVOLI. ANIO NOVUS, CASTELLUM. [Illustration: AQUEDUCTS BELOW TIVOLI ANIO NOVUS, CASTELLUM MARCIA, CASTELLUM OF TRAJAN] This is another of these fine reservoirs, about a mile further on; it is faced with the reticulated-work of the first century, and is part of the original work of the time of Nero. MARCIA, CASTELLUM OF TRAJAN, who repaired the aqueducts in several places, as is recorded by inscriptions. The reticulated-work with which this is faced is very peculiar, and is believed to be unique, at least it has not been observed elsewhere. PLATE XII. THE CLAUDIA AND ANIO NOVUS IN THE CAMPAGNA OF ROME, NEAR ROMA VECCHIA. [Illustration: THE AQUEDUCTS. CLAUDIA AND ANIO NOVUS IN THE CAMPAGNA NEAR THE PISCINAE AND ROMA VECCHIA.] This grand arcade is the most perfect part of this finest of the aqueducts, and extends for about a mile, from near the farm-house called Roma Vecchia, about four miles from Rome, to the piscinæ where the arcade becomes gradually lower as the ground rises towards the foot of the hills. The two _specus_ are clearly seen with their usual characteristics, the Claudia built of large squared stones; the Anio Novus is visible, faced with brick in most parts, but here is faced with reticulated-work. In the first part of this view are seen the ruins of one of the enormous reservoirs, or Castella Aquarum, at one of the angles which occur at each half mile along its course. The object of these very numerous reservoirs probably was two-fold, one for local irrigation, the other for keeping up a constant and never-failing supply for Rome, even in the hot season, when many springs cease to flow. PLATE XIII. [Illustration: AQUEDUCTS ON THE VIA LATINA. NEAR PORTA FURBA UNDER THE TOR FISCALE MARCIA & CLAUDIA _Photogravure Dujardin, Paris_]