[24] The source of the _Appia_ was 780 paces off the road, between the 7th and 8th milestone. That of the _Augustan_ 880 paces off, and by the 6th milestone. The former was measured to its termination, giving 11⅛ miles. The latter went only to the “Specus Vetus” (which is two miles less) and gave 6⅓ miles. Two miles is the distance from the Porta Maggiore to the Porta Trigemina and the Salaria. In all probability the Augustan branch was carried for the six miles into Rome along the bank of the Via Prænestina, here a deep foss-way between two high banks; and at a later period the Aqua Virgo was carried over it at a higher level, till within about half a mile of Rome, where it arrives at the outer bank of the great foss, and is carried at a sharp angle to the north to the Pincian. The Appia, being much deeper, was carried straight on at the bottom of the great foss into Rome, and entered at the extreme eastern corner, under the line afterwards taken by the Claudian arcade, to the two great reservoirs or _gemelli_ before mentioned; the main line running here parallel to it, a little to the south, till it reached the Piscina of S. Helena, the two lines converging at the _gemelli_. [25] There are considerable remains of two large reservoirs in a garden just outside of the boundary-wall of the Sessorium, which wall is of the time of S. Helena, on its western side. Some excavations made in them in 1869 under my direction shewed that they went to a great depth, the workmen being stopped by water. These two great reservoirs, so close together in the line of the Aqua Appia, seem to have been the Gemelli mentioned by Frontinus. From this point the _specus_ can be traced along the Cœlian, and the reservoirs are below the level of that _specus_ (_infra specum veterem_).—F. ii. 65. [26] If the “Plautian” be the better reading, they may have been the gardens of Plautius Lateranus, which were near those of the Sessorian Palace. [27] Frontinus, cap. 19: “Marcia autem partem sui post hortos Pallantianos in rivum qui vocatur Herculaneus, dejicit.” Cap. 20: “Finiuntur arcus earum (Anionis Novi, et Claudiæ), post hortos Pallantianos.” Cap. 69: “Præterea (Julia) accepit prope urbem, post hortos Pallantianos.” In the _Notitia_ and the _Curiosum Urbis_ the “Horti Pallantiani” are given as being in the Regio V. or the “Esquiliæ.” [28] Remains of these _thermæ_ were accidentally brought to light in 1871, during some excavations made by a building company, who had bought the ground on speculation. They are of great extent, and on both sides of the present road from S. Maria Maggiore to S. Croce in Gerusalemme, which was made in the sixteenth century by Sixtus V. [29] “Exquiliæ locus in quo sepeliebantur corpora extra portam illam in qua est Sessorium.” (Acron ad Horat., lib. i. Sat. viii.)