Boston, early trade unions in, 34; strike benefits in, 39; coöperative movement, 46-47; strikes because of cost of living (1853), 57; eight-hour societies, 70; workingman's party, 227. Boston Labor Reform Association circulates Steward's pamphlet, 71. Boston Trades Union, 33. Bowerman, Charles, 257. Boycott, Captain, 177 (note). Boycott, 177 et seq.; used against convict labor, 37; union label as weapon, 184-186; court injunction to prevent, 252. Braidwood (Ill.), Mitchell at, 127-128. Brewer, Justice D. J., on strike violence, 174. Brewery workers and control of coopers, 118. Brisbane, Albert, 47. Brissenden, J. G., The Launching of the Industrial Workers of the World, cited, 196 (note). Brook Farm experiment, 41. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, origin, 133; and American Federation of Labor, 133 (note); character, 134; supervision of members, 135-136; excludes firemen, 136; attitude toward nonmembers, 136-137; business policy, 137-138; activities, 138-140; organization, 140; and Firemen's Brotherhood, 154. Brotherhood of the Footboard, 133. Brotherhood of Trainmen, 156. Brush, C. F., and electric lighting, 64. Buck's Stove and Range Company of St. Louis, boycott case, 180-182, 254. Buffalo, machinists' strike (1880), 67-68; annual convention of Federation of Labor (1917), 101; railway strike (1877), 174; I. W. W. disclosures, 217. Burns, John, 123. Butler, General B. F., 232-233. Butte (Mont.), Western Federation of Miners organized at, 192. C California, effect of discovery of gold on cost of living, 57; "hobo" labor in, 190; political labor movement, 238-242; Workingman's party, 239; new constitution, 241. Cannon, J. G., 248. Carlyle, Thomas, 18; and British industrial conditions, 9; Emerson writes to, 41. Carter, W. S., 154-156. Cedar Rapids (Ia.), headquarters of Order of Railway Conductors, 150. Charleston Navy Yard, eight-hour day in (1842), 70. Chevalier, Michael, quoted, 37. Chicago, stockyards' strike (1880), 67; Haymarket riots, 68, 83-84; Railway strike (1877), 174; "floaters" winter in, 190; conferences organize I. W. W., 193-194; revolutionary branch of I. W. W. in, 196; I. W. W. offices raided, 217; Labor Party conference, 235; movement to form American Labor party, 255. Child labor, 28; in England, 9; Greeley and, 52-53; Paris peace treaty and, 107; State regulation, 250. Chinese denounced in California, 238, 239. Cigar-makers' International Union, Gompers and, 94. Cincinnati, becomes manufacturing town (1820), 26; early Unions in, 34; coöperative movement in, 45, 46; Railway strike (1877), 174; National Union party organized (1887), 233. Civil War, condition of the United States after, 63-64. Clark, E. E., 151. Clayton Act, 100, 184, 247. Cleveland, Grover, Message (1886), 85; and Pullman strike, 174. Cleveland, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers own building in, 140; Firemen's Magazine published in, 156; I. W. W. disclosures, 217. Clinton, De Witt, 23. Collective bargaining, trade unions and, 168-171.