The proving of brigandines was most carefully carried out, for in some instances every separate plate was stamped with the proof mark. In the Paris Collection double proof marks are found on the brigandine G, 206, and a similar double mark appears stamped on the Missaglia suit G, 3, but of a different design. The helmet of Henry VIII on II, 29 (Tower) also bears the double proof mark of one of the Missaglia family (Plate X). It would be tedious and unnecessary to give a list of those armours which bear these proof marks, for they are to be found in every armoury of note in Europe; but it will be of some profit to quote various extracts showing the reason and the effects of proofs or trials of armour. [Illustration: _PLATE XVI_ 1. VENETIAN SALLAD COVERED WITH VELVET, XVI CENT. 2. BACK PLATE OF BRIGANDINE COVERED WITH FABRIC, 1470 3. MORION WITH COVER, XVI-XVII CENT. 4. SURCOAT OF THE BLACK PRINCE] In the sixteenth century the firearm had become a serious factor in warfare, therefore the proof was decided by submitting the armour to pistol or musket shot. 1347. _Regulations of the Heaumers of London_ (original in Norman-French), _City of London Letter Book, F, fol. cxlii_. Also that helmetry and other arms forged by the hammer ... shall not from henceforth in any way be offered for sale privily or openly until they have been properly assayed by the aforesaid Wardens and marked with their marks (see Appendix B). 1448. _Statutes des Armuriers Fourbisseurs d’Angers._ It. les quels maisters desd. mestiers seront tenus besoigner et faire ouvrage et bonnes étoffes, c’est assavoir pour tant que touche les armuriers, ils feront harnois blancs pour hommes d’armes, de toute épreuve qui est à dire d’arbalestes à tilloles et à coursel à tout le moins demie espreuve ... marquées de 2 marques ... et d’espreuve d’arbaleste à crocq et traict d’archier, marquées d’une marque (see Appendix E). The “arbaleste à tilloles” was the large bow bent with a windlass, the “arbaleste à crocq” was smaller and was bent with a hook fastened to the waist of the archer (see Payne Gallwey, _The Crossbow_). 1537. _Discipline Militaire_, Langey, I, chap, xxii, pp. 79, 80. ... les Harnois soient trop foibles pour résister à l’Artillerie ou à l’Escopeterie, néantmoins ils défendent la personne des coups de Pique de Hallebarde, d’Epée, du Trait, des Pierres, des Arbalestes, et des Arcs.... Et par fois une Harquebuze sera si mal chargée ou si fort eschauffée ou pourra tirer de si loin, que le Harnois pour peu qu’il soit bon sauvera la vie d’un homme.