The army behind the armyPowell, E. Alexander (Edward Alexander)
History
The army behind the army
Powell, E. Alexander (Edward Alexander)
United States. Army; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
Nearly a score of types of leaflets were distributed by airplane or
balloon. Among the most successful was one known as the “Prisoner
Leaflet,” containing a translation of an extract from the orders
prescribing the treatment to be accorded by the A. E. F. to prisoners
of war. Appended to it was a list of rations issued to the American
soldier and prescribed for enemy prisoners. More than a million copies
of this leaflet were sent over the enemy lines. The “Prisoner Post-Card”
leaflet was a variation of the one just described, being printed in
close imitation of the German _Feldpostkarte_. This was predicated on
the idea that the first interest of the German soldier was solicitude
for his family and that the _Feldpostkarte_ form was one to which he was
accustomed. A number of these were found on the persons of prisoners.
Another leaflet had a picture of a file of soldiers rapidly increasing
in size, thereby impressing even the most illiterate of the enemy with
the amazing expansion of the American Army. Still another contained
the German request for an armistice and President Wilson’s reply. The
principal reason for dropping these over the German troops was the
belief, which proved to be well founded, that their full import, and
indeed even their complete texts, had been kept from reaching the German
soldier. In addition to the above, the Propaganda Section distributed
some 20,000 copies of a leaflet designed to appeal to those natives of
Alsace-Lorraine serving in the German armies.
The leaflets intended for the Alsace-Lorrainers were the work of Captain
Osamm of the 4th Corps, and were part of a plan which was to culminate
in a venturesome attempt at fraternization. Captain Osamm was perfectly
familiar with German Army organization and knew the names of hundreds
of German officers and men in the 224th Division, which was largely
recruited from the natives of Alsace-Lorraine. After the 224th had been
all but snowed under by the leaflets, and after a sufficient time had
elapsed for the arguments which they contained to penetrate the German
mind, Captain Osamm planned to crawl out into No Man’s Land, and when
within speaking distance of the German patrols to call out the names of
individuals in that division. He admitted that he expected to be met by
a few bursts of machine-gun fire, but he was convinced that the patrols
would eventually themselves come forward to meet him, whereupon, by a
verbal reinforcement of the arguments contained in the leaflets, he
expected to bring about wholesale desertions. He based his assumption
that the enemy would respond to his summons, I imagine, on the British
contention that all Germans had originally been waiters, and that, if
one were to shout, “Hi, Fritz, bring me a beer!” they would respond
from force of habit. The beginning of active operations abruptly halted
this amazing performance, however, thereby deeply disappointing the
adventurous captain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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