The army behind the armyPowell, E. Alexander (Edward Alexander)
History
The army behind the army
Powell, E. Alexander (Edward Alexander)
United States. Army; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
To another subsection of M I 10 was delegated the censorship of mail to
and from the prisoners of war in the various internment camps in the
United States. As there were nearly 6,000 of these interned enemies, and
as they were permitted, by the regulations, to send nearly 40,000 letters
and post-cards a month, no limit being placed on the amount of mail they
could receive, the task of censoring this mass of correspondence, most of
it in languages other than English, was very far from being a sinecure.
The primary object of this censorship was to prevent the passing of
objectionable communications, such as attacks on the government or
information which might be of value to the enemy. The censors were
also constantly on the watch to prevent the prisoners from acting as
correspondence intermediaries; that is, from transmitting messages from
Germany to German sympathizers in the United States, or _vice versa_.
The kind of paper to be used by the prisoners for their correspondence
was selected by the subsection with a view to making difficult, if
not impossible, the use of secret inks. Thousands of letters, both to
and from the prisoners, were submitted to chemical tests for invisible
writing, and hundreds of others, which aroused suspicion because of
their peculiar wording or unusual marking, were examined for possible
messages in code. One prisoner endeavored to communicate with his wife
by writing in lemon-juice under the flap of the envelope, and at Fort
Douglas a scheme was discovered whereby German sympathizers communicated
with the prisoners by means of dots placed under the letters of words in
newspapers sent into the internment camp.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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