The art of music. Vol. 01 (of 14) : $b The pre-Classic periods
History
The art of music. Vol. 01 (of 14) : $b The pre-Classic periods
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
We must now consider what is perhaps the greatest and the most original
creation of the Greek mind--the drama. Its forms we have seen in lyric
poetry and in pantomimic dances of the chorus, furnishing the elements
of dialogue and representative action. These forms are to be found
independently among other nations of antiquity, but their combination
is peculiar to the Greeks, to whom the entire world is indebted for
the art of the theatre. Like the dithyrambic chorus, whose close
connection with the worship of Dionysos we have observed, the drama
was perpetually associated with these Bacchic festivals. The very name
tragedy (from [Greek: tragos] = goat) indicates its root form--the
satyr play, executed by men disguised with fur skin and the cloven hoof
to represent the votaries of the God. Here is added another element
of the drama--impersonation--though earlier cases of it are seen, for
instance, in the disguise of the poet Chrysothemis as the god Apollo,
when performing his compositions. Allegory and symbolism were things to
which the Greek mind naturally inclined. Mythological conceptions were
often visualized, such as the favorite fight of Apollo and the dragon,
the myth of Demeter and Persephone represented in the Eleusinian
mysteries, etc. The word [Greek: dran] is the general expression for
secret action in the Pagan cult, hence in the antique drama, no less
than our own opera, we may recognize a sacred origin (cf. Chap. XI,
p. 325). The dithyrambic chorus, whose members themselves are thought
to have been disguised as satyrs, furnished the last preparatory step
leading to the tragedy, which, it should be noted, gradually developed
out of the non-choral sections, the solo speeches of the leaders.[41]
Similarly, the Comedy had its beginning in the rather coarse witticisms
of the choral leaders in the Bacchic processions of the Dionysos
festival (cf. Aristotle, 'Poetics,’ 4).
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