The art of music. Vol. 01 (of 14) : $b The pre-Classic periods
History
The art of music. Vol. 01 (of 14) : $b The pre-Classic periods
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
That time was not yet come, however. Willaert left Italy, taking
service as chapel master to King Ludwig II, ruler of Hungary and
Bavaria; but in 1526 he was back again in Venice, where, in the
following year, he received the appointment as first chapel master of
the Basilica of St. Mark, at a salary of seventy ducats, about one
hundred and sixty dollars. This was later increased to two hundred
ducats, about four hundred and sixty dollars, which was considered a
princely income. For thirty-five years the master kept at his post,
although twice during that time, once in 1542 and again in 1556, a
longing for his native country drew him back to Belgium. It was his
hope, indeed, to spend his last years in Bruges; but he had taken root
too firmly in Italy. Friends, admirers, and patrons urged him to remain
in Venice, and it was there, in 1562, that he died.
The Basilica of St. Mark was already ancient when Willaert came to
Venice. Founded in 830 to receive the relics of the second Evangelist
brought from Alexandria, rebuilt a hundred and fifty years later,
it had received its permanent form about the middle of the eleventh
century. Five hundred years had but increased its beauty and added
mellowness and historic interest to its charm. Externally, its domes
and pinnacles, its encrusted marbles and pillars, its bronze horses
and many-colored arches constitute a unique and splendid monument of
history. Within its walls, statues, columns crowned with capitals
from Greece and Byzantium, and rich mosaics blend in a beauty at once
impressive and magnificent. The interior is not large, two hundred and
five by one hundred and sixty-four feet; but it is particularly well
adapted to the use of the two organs, which are placed opposite each
other.
This circumstance suggested to Willaert the device of dividing his
choir so as to contrast the mass effect of the united voices with
antiphonal singing. With this device, happily carried into effect,
there developed in time, under Willaert’s hands, a new style of
composition for two choirs. It was this style which continued in
vogue for more than a century and formed the standard and became the
peculiar characteristic of the Venetian school.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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