The art of music, Vol. 04 (of 14) : $b Music in America
History
The art of music, Vol. 04 (of 14) : $b Music in America
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
and a number of other verses recounting the wondrous adventures of
'Jim Crow.' They are not very exciting, to be sure, and their humor
hardly appeals to our jaded minds to-day. The tune, too, is mediocre
enough. But 'Daddy' Rice saw a great opportunity. He learned the song
and sang it, accompanied by all the funny turns and motions of the
old negro and many more. Soon after he was appearing in a theatre in
Pittsburgh, and, meeting a negro porter on the way, took him to the
theatre, borrowed his clothes, donned them, blackened his face with
cork and added a black wig of matted moss. When he appeared on the
stage and sang 'Jim Crow' the audience roared with laughter; but when
he added topical verses of his own and made his antics still funnier,
the house went wild. To add to the mirth, Cuff, the negro, whose
professional services were in demand, came on to the stage in négligé
and frantically expostulated to reclaim his clothes. Of course, the
audience mistook the interruption for part of the 'show' and the signal
for a climax of hilarity.
That was the birth of 'Negro Minstrelsy'--a type of entertainment which
for the greater part of the century was one of the chief delights of
the American public. How much, or little, of it was 'negro' matters
little--the original impulse, at any rate, came from that source, and
the rich opportunities for humor--of an innocent sort--to be gotten out
of lampooning the race, were eagerly exploited. The 'dandy darky,' the
character created by Rice, soon became a stock article of the common
show and he made his way to every stage. The 'cork fraternity,' as
one of its members called the profession, enlarged rapidly and soon
numbered many distinguished representatives. Joe Jefferson himself made
his début in that capacity at the tender age of four, when he emerged
from a bag on 'Daddy' Rice's shoulders. As for 'Daddy' himself, he
added song after song to his répertoire, until there were enough for
several evenings' entertainment. He toured not only America but England
as well and acquired a considerable fortune.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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