The art of music, Vol. 05 (of 14) : $b The voice and vocal music
History
The art of music, Vol. 05 (of 14) : $b The voice and vocal music
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
Finally, there is the quite free or _durchkomponierte_ form. The
examples of this are innumerable in Schubert’s works: we recall
easily the famous _Aufenthalt_ (‘Abode’) and _Doppelgänger_ (‘The
Double’),[21] _Der Wanderer_, and _Das Wirtshaus_. In these songs
there is every variation from a deceptive strophic form to the utmost
dissimilarity, and yet there remains always a _sense_ of unity which is
the work of a master.
Besides the pure lyrics Schubert wrote ballads and scenas. The former
are simply stories told in verse. Unlike the lyric, the ballad is
highly objective, seeing the characters as things apart and as
acting for themselves; yet like the lyric it is highly sympathetic
with emotions, and sometimes identifies itself alternately with one
character and another as completely as though it were a lyric. This is
because of the dramatic quality implicit in every story,--a quality
which is particularly attractive to the primitive imagination. The
ballad, in short, is a miniature drama, in which the characters speak
in their own words with each other, and in which rapid and vigorous
action is abundant. Examples of this form in Schubert’s songs are
Schiller’s ‘The Diver,’ and of course ‘The Erl King.’
We should also distinguish a third class of songs--the _scena_. This
is a combination of the lyric and the ballad; it is essentially an
emotional utterance, but it usually pictures the characters and the
scene, and often involves some sort of dramatic action. The Ossian
Songs partake of the nature of the _scena_, but the best example
is Schiller’s _Erwartung_, in which the singer is waiting for his
sweetheart to come to him, and is beguiled by various noises of the
night into thinking it is she.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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