The art of music, Vol. 07 (of 14) : $b Pianoforte and chamber music
History
The art of music, Vol. 07 (of 14) : $b Pianoforte and chamber music
Music -- History and criticism; Musicians
Georg Philipp Telemann, it is true, wrote that he followed the French
model in his music; but as Wasielewski says, this applies evidently
only to his vocal works and overtures, for his violin compositions
are very clearly imitations of Corelli’s. All his music, and he wrote
enormous quantities in various branches, is essentially commonplace.
Between 1708 and 1721 Telemann occupied a position at the court of
Eisenach. It was chiefly during these years that he gave himself to the
violin and violin music. Afterwards he went to Hamburg and there worked
until his death in 1767.
Johann Georg Pisendel is a far more distinguished figure. He was born
on the twenty-sixth of December, 1687, at Carlsburg in Franconia, and
died in Dresden, after many years’ service there, in November, 1755.
While still a boy the Marquis of Anspach attached him to his chapel,
on account of his beautiful voice. In the service of the same prince
at that time was Torelli, the great Italian composer for the violin;
and Pisendel was his pupil for a considerable period. Later in life
he was able to journey in Italy and France, and was apparently at one
time a pupil of Vivaldi’s in Venice. From 1728 to the time of his death
he was first violin in the royal opera house at Dresden. His playing
was distinguished by care in shading, and in his conducting he was
said to have laid great importance upon ‘loud and soft.’ As a composer
he is without significance, though some of his works--concertos and
sonatas--have been preserved. But his influence served to educate
violinists in that part of Germany, so that little by little Germans
came to supplant the Italians in that branch of music, and to find
occupation in connection with the opera house orchestra, which had been
up to that time almost entirely made up of Italians.
Most conspicuous among those who were actually his pupils was Johann
Gottlieb Graun, brother of the still familiar Carl Heinrich. But
Graun was not content with instruction in Germany alone, and betook
himself to Tartini in Padua. After his return to his native land, he
eventually found his place at the court of Frederick the Great, who
was still crown prince. With him at this time were Quantz, the flute
player, and Franz Benda. After the accession of Frederick to the throne
of Prussia, Graun was made first violin and concert master in the
royal orchestra; and he held this place until his death in 1771. His
compositions, like all others for the violin at this period, are hardly
more than imitations of the Italian masterpieces. And like Pisendel,
his importance is in the improvement of the state of instrumental music
in Germany, and especially of the orchestra at Berlin.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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