English poetry -- History and criticism; Poetry -- Early works to 1800
Whereas ye see this one Word [was] serues them all in that they require
but one congruitie and sence.
[Sidenote: _Prozeugma_, or the Ringleader.]
Yet hath this figure of [_Single supply_] another propertie, occasioning
him to change now and then his name: by the order of his supplie, for if
it be placed in the forefront of all the seuerall clauses whom he is to
serue as a common seruitour, then is he called by the Greeks _Prozeugma_,
by vs the Ringleader: thus
_Her beautie perst mine eye, her speach mine wofull hart;
Her presence all the powers of my discourse. &c._
Where ye see this one word [_perst_] placed in the foreward, satisfieth
both in sence & congruitie all those other clauses that followe him.
[Sidenote: _Mezozeugma_, or the Middlemarcher.]
And if such word of supplie be placed in the middle of all such clauses as
he serues: it is by the Greeks called _Mezozeugma_, by us the
[_Middlemarcher_] thus:
_Faire maydes beautie (alack) with yeares it weares away,
And with wether and sicknes, and sorrow as they say._
Where ye see this word [_weares_] serues one clause before him, and two
clauses behind him, in one and the same sence and congruitie. And in this
verse,
_Either the troth or talke nothing at all._
Where this word [_talke_] serues the clause before and also behind.
[Sidenote: _Hypozeugma_, or the Rerewarder.]
But if such supplie be placed after all the clauses, and not before nor in
the middle, then is he called by the Greeks _Hypozeugma_, and by vs the
[_Rerewarder_] thus:
_My mates that wont, to keepe me companie
And my neighbours, who dwelt next to my wall
The friends that sware, they would not sticke to die
In my quarrell: they are fled from me all._
Where ye see this word [_fled from me_] serue all the three clauses
requiring but one congruitie & sence.
[Sidenote: _Sillepsis_, or the Double supply.]
But if such want be in sundrie clauses, and of seuerall congruities or
sence, and the supply be made to serue them all, it is by the figure
_Sillepsis_, whom for that respect we call the [_double supplie_]
conceiuing, and, as it were, comprehending vnder one, a supplie of two
natures, and may be likened to the man that serues many masters at once,
being of strange Countries or kinreds, as in these verses, where the
lamenting widow shewed the Pilgrim the graues in which her husband &
children lay buried.
_Here my sweete sonnes and daughters all my blisse,
Yonder mine owne deere husband buried is._
Where ye see one verbe singular supplyeth the plurall and singular, and
thus
_Iudge ye louers, if it be strange or no;
My Ladie laughs for ioy, and I for wo._
Where ye see a third person supplie himselfe and a first person. And thus,
_Madame ye neuer shewed your selfe vntrue,
Nor my deserts would euer suffer you._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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