[Sidenote: Metaphora, or the Figure of transporte.] There is a kinde of wresting of a single word from his owne right signification, to another not so naturall, but yet of some affinitie or conueniencie with it, as to say, _I cannot digest your vnkinde words_, for I cannot take them in good part: or as the man of law said, _I feele you not_, for I vnderstand not your case, because he had not his fee in his hand. Or as another said to a mouthy Aduocate, _why barkest thou at me so sore?_ Or to call the top of a tree, or of a hill, the crowne of a tree or of a hill: for in deede _crowne_ is the highest ornament of a Princes head, made like a close garland, or els the top of a mans head, where the haire windes about, and because such terme is not applyed naturally to a tree or to a hill, but is transported from a mans head to a hill or tree, therefore it is called by _metaphore_, or the figure of _transport_. And three causes moue vs to vse this figure, one for necessitie or want of a better word, thus: _As the drie ground that thirstes after a showr Seems to reioyce when it is well wet, And speedely brings foorth both grasse and flowr, If lacke of sunne or season doo not let._ Here for want of an apter and more naturall word to declare the drie temper of the earth, it is said to thirst & to reioyce, which is onley proper to liuing creatures, and yet being so inuerted, doth not so much swerue from the true sence but that euery man can easilie conceiue the meaning thereof. Againe, we vse it for pleasure and ornament of our speach, as thus in an Epitaph of our owne making, to the honourable memorie of a deere friend, Sir _Iohn Throgmorton_, knight, Iustice of Chester, and a man of many commendable vertues. _Whom vertue rerde, enuy hath ouerthrowen And Iudged full low, vnder this marble stone: Ne neuer were his values so well knowen, Whilest he liued here, as now that he is gone. Here these words, _rered, overthrowen_, and _lodged_, are inuerted, & _metaphorically_ applyed, not vpon necessitie, but for ornament onely, afterward againe in these verses. _No sunne by day that euer saw him rest Free from the toyles of his so busie charge, No night that harbourd rankor in his breast, Nor merry moode made reason runne at large._ In these verses the inuersion or metaphore, lyeth in these words, _saw, harbourd, run:_ which naturally are applyed to liuing things, & not to insensible: as the _sunne_, or the _night_: & yet they approach so neere, & so conueniently, as the speech is thereby made more commendable. Againe, in moe verses of the same Epitaph, thus. _His head a source of grauitie and sence, His memory a shop of ciuill arte, His tongue a streame of sugred eloquence, Wisdome and meekenes lay mingled in his harte,_ In which verses ye see that these words, _source, shop, find, sugred_, are inuerted from their owne signification to another, not altogether so naturall, but of much affinitie with it.