The Arts and Crafts of Older Spain, Volume 1 (of 3)Williams, Leonard
History
The Arts and Crafts of Older Spain, Volume 1 (of 3)
Williams, Leonard
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History
The arms of Spaniards promenading after dark were even fixed by
law. The _Suma de Leyes_ of 1628 ordains that after ten o'clock
nobody is to carry arms at all unless he also bears a lighted
torch or lantern. No arquebus, on pain of a fine of ten thousand
_maravedis_, may have a barrel less than a yard long. Nobody may
carry a sword or rapier the length of whose blade exceeds a yard
and a quarter, or wear a dagger unless a sword accompanies it.
Sometimes these prohibitions extended even to seasons of the year.
In 1530 an Ordinance of Granada proclaims that from the first of
March until the last day of November nobody may carry a hatchet,
sickle, or dagger, "except the dagger which is called a
_barazano_, of a palm in length, even if the wearer be a
shepherd." The penalty for infringement of this law was a fine of
ten thousand _maravedis_; but labourers who worked upon a farm
were exempted from the prohibition.
Swinburne wrote from Cataluña, in 1775, that "amongst other
restrictions, the use of slouched hats, white shoes, and large
brown cloaks is forbidden. Until of late they durst not carry any
kind of knife; but in each public house there was one chained to
the table, for the use of all comers."
There is also a richly gilt and silvered buckler of the seventeenth
century, made at Eugui in Navarre, and covered with a scene--decadent
in design and workmanship--which represents the judgment of Paris.
Defensive armour, chiefly of a highly decorative kind, was made all
through this century at the capital of Navarre, Pamplona. The Royal
Armoury contains a Pamplonese parade harness (Plate lii.), offered as a
gift to Philip the Third, as well as six diminutive sets of armour made
to his order for the youthful princes Don Felipe, Don Fernando, and Don
Carlos.
The _adarga_ was a kind of targe used by the light cavalry, and had its
origin in Africa. Those which were stored in the palace of the Nasrite
sultans of Granada are described by Al-Makkari as "solid, without pores,
soft to the touch, and famed for their imperviousness." The material was
strong leather, such as cowhide, often embroidered with a scutcheon or
with arabesques. Two Spanish-made _adargas_ in this armoury are
particularly handsome. One is of Moorish craftsmanship, and dates from
the end of the fifteenth century. The other (Plate liii.), apparently
the work of a Spanish Christian and dating from a century later, is
embroidered in silver thread and coloured silk with arabesque devices
and also with four coats of arms, one of which belongs to the noble
family of Fernández de Cordova. The dimensions of this shield are a yard
in height by thirty inches in breadth.
[Illustration: L
JOUSTING HARNESS OF PHILIP THE HANDSOME
(_Royal Armoury, Madrid_)]
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