The Ascent of Denali (Mount McKinley): A Narrative of the First Complete Ascent of the Highest; Peak in North AmericaStuck, Hudson
History
The Ascent of Denali (Mount McKinley): A Narrative of the First Complete Ascent of the Highest; Peak in North America
Stuck, Hudson
McKinley, Mount (Alaska); Mountaineering -- Alaska -- McKinley, Mount; Stuck, Hudson, 1863-1920 -- Travel -- Alaska -- McKinley, Mount
Now, the tables accessible to the writer do not work out their
calculations beyond eighteen thousand feet, and he confesses himself too
long unused to mathematical labors of any kind for the task of extending
them. He was, therefore, constrained to fall back upon the kindness of
Mr. Alfred Brooks, the head of the Alaskan Division of the United States
Geological Survey, and Mr. Brooks turned over the data to Mr. C. E.
Giffin, topographic engineer of that service, to which gentleman
thankful acknowledgment is made for the result that follows.
[Sidenote: Fort Gibbon and Valdez as Bases]
Ignoring a calculation based upon a temperature of 20 deg. F. on the
summit, and another based upon a temperature of 13.5 deg. F. on the
summit (the mean of the air temperature and that recorded for the
attached thermometer) and confining attention to the calculation which
takes the air temperature of 7 deg. F. as the proper figure for the
correction of the barometer, a result is reached which shows the summit
of Denali as twenty-one thousand and eight feet above the sea. It should
be added that Mr. Giffin obtained from the United States Weather Bureau
the barometric and thermometric readings taken at Valdez on 7th June about
the same length of time after our reading on the summit as the reading
at Gibbon was before ours. From these readings Mr. Giffin makes the
altitude of the mountain twenty thousand three hundred and seventy-four
feet above Valdez, which is ten feet above the sea-level. From this
result Mr. Giffin is disposed to question the accuracy of the reading at
Gibbon, though the author has no reason to doubt it was properly and
carefully made. Valdez is much farther from the summit than Fort Gibbon
and is in a different climatic zone. The calculation from the Valdez
base should, however, be taken into consideration in making this
barometric determination, and the mean of the two results, twenty
thousand six hundred and ninety-six feet, or, roundly, _twenty thousand
seven hundred feet_, is offered as the contribution of this expedition
toward determining the true altitude of the mountain.
The figures of Mr. Giffin's calculations touching the altitude of this
mountain and also determining the altitudes of various salient points or
stages of the ascent of the mountain are printed below:
DENALI (MOUNT McKINLEY)
USING AIR THERMOMETER READING +7 deg. AND THE READING
AT FORT GIBBON FOR SAME DATE
Mount McKinley, barometric reading 13.617 in.
Barometer reduced to standard temperature +.027 " Temp. 7 deg.
------
13.644 in.
Fort Gibbon, barometric reading 29.590 in.
Barometer reduced to standard temperature -.128 " Temp. 76.5 deg.
------
29.462 in.
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