It seems necessary to make this remark, since the process of astrologizing history, whether derived from the Bible or from secular writers, has been carried very far. Thus Dr. H. Winckler writes down the account of the first three Persian kings, given us by Herodotus, as myths of Aries, Taurus, and Gemini; David and Goliath, too, are but Marduk and Tiamat, or Orion and Cetus, but David has become the Giant, and Goliath the Dragon, for "Goliath" is claimed as a word-play on the Babylonian _galittu_, "ocean." Examining an Arabic globe of date 1279 A.D.--that is to say some 4,000 years after the constellations were devised,--Dr. Winckler found that Orion was represented as left-handed. He therefore used this left-handed Orion as the link of identification between Ehud, the left-handed judge of Israel, and Tyr, the left-handed Mars of the Scandinavian pantheon. Dr. Winckler seems to have been unaware of the elementary fact that a celestial globe necessarily shows its figures "inside out." We look up to the sky, to see the actual constellations from within the sphere; we look down upon a celestial globe from without, and hence see the designs upon it as in the looking-glass. [238:1] Dr. Cheyne says, in a note on p. 52 of _Job and Solomon_, "Heb. _K’sīl_, the name of the foolhardy giant who strove with Jehovah. The Chaldeo-Assyrian astrology gave the name _Kisiluv_ to the ninth month, connecting it with the zodiacal sign Sagittarius. But there are valid reasons for attaching the Hebrew popular myth to Orion." So Col. Conder, in p. 179 of _The Hittites and their Language_, translates the name of the Assyrian ninth month, _Cisleu_, as "giant." Now Sagittarius is in the heavens just opposite to Orion, so when in the ninth month the sun was in conjunction with Sagittarius, Orion was in opposition. In _Cisleu_, therefore, the giant, Orion, was riding the heavens all night, occupying the chamber of the south at midnight, so that the ninth month might well be called the month of the giant. [241:1] Dr. L. W. King, _Tablets of Creation_, appendix iii. p. 208. CHAPTER VIII MAZZAROTH We have no assistance from any cuneiform inscriptions as to the astronomical significance of _‘Ayish_, _Kīmah_, and _Kĕsīl_, but the case is different when we come to _Mazzaroth_. In the fifth tablet of the Babylonian Creation epic we read-- "1. He (Marduk) made the stations for the great gods; 2. The stars, their images, as the stars of the zodiac, he fixed. 3. He ordained the year, and into sections (_mizrāta_) he divided it; 4. For the twelve months he fixed three stars. 5. After he had [. . .] the days of the year [. . .] images 6. He founded the station of Nibir to determine their bounds; 7. That none might err or go astray. 8. He set the station of Bēl and Ea along with him."