The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 02, No. 13, November, 1858: A Magazine of Literature, Art, and PoliticsVarious
History
The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 02, No. 13, November, 1858: A Magazine of Literature, Art, and Politics
Various
American periodicals
"In everything, there is virtue in FORM; and we surmise that vastly
more depends on the configuration and movement of matter as _one mass_,
than has been suspected. As perfect a whole as any of its parts,
must not the universe have a definable outline or shape,--one to
which nothing amorphous can possibly belong? What is its figure? It
can hardly be a cube, cylinder, or prism of any kind; indeed, we
might as reasonably suppose it a three-sided figure as one bounded
at all by straight lines. No one extending in one direction more
than in another could have met the exigencies of creation; and that
the universe is a sphere may also be inferred from fluid matter
naturally assuming that form,--perhaps because its elements have it.
Had atoms been bounded by plane surfaces, so, we may suppose, had
worlds, drops of water, and soap-bubbles.
"The universe is spherical, then, because its molecules are: and it
moves, because they are incapable of rest."
Does this mean that the totality of matter is finite?--that it can
be viewed, spiritually, from the outside,--even from such a distance
as to appear infinitely small? If so, can there be infinite power,
either material or spiritual? If the universe is spherical because
its molecules are, can the molecules compose any other than the
spherical form? Do we gain much by reasoning from an assumption
below the ken of the microscope to a conclusion above that of the
telescope?
Mr. Ewbank, however, does not often indulge in a logical stride so
long or on such shaky footing as this. Through more or less
cloudiness of expression, he gives us many striking and satisfactory
views, looking towards a complete synthesis of the glorious system
of things to which we belong, makes out the universe as habitable
and cheerful as it is wide, and leaves us admiring its good more
than marvelling at its evil. He maintains that all solar and
planetary bodies have a central, vital heat, produced and maintained
by the same cause,--to wit, the gravitating or condensing force; its
intensity being as the mass. In the sun, the mass is so great, that,
in spite of its inferior density, more and intenser heat is
generated by condensation than in any or all of the planets. If the
whole orb is not incandescent, there is such intense heat in its
central portion as to generate gases, which, being thrown up through
its atmosphere, to a height at least as great as the whole diameter
of our globe, condense there again with an ineffably brilliant
combustion. The solid crust of the sun, he thinks, may be
comparatively cool,--as cool, perhaps, as our tropical climates,--by
the favor of cloud-curtains, which operate as screens, and reflect
off into space the heat of the combustion overhead. He might have
given more reasons than he has for this conclusion. Whether our
terrestrial aurora-borealis is caused by the combustion of gases that
have been generated by internal heat or not, we know that the
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