The Atlantic Telegraph (1865)Russell, William Howard, Sir
History
The Atlantic Telegraph (1865)
Russell, William Howard, Sir
Transatlantic cables
29. Ordinary.--5 reversals, commencing C to E, each 2 minutes.
To open communication.--8 reversals, commencing Z to E, each ¼
minute.
50 nauts. payed out.--10 reversals, commencing Z to E, each 1
minute.
50 nauts. distance run, signal will be, 2 reversals, each 2 minutes, commencing Z to E.
“ “ “ 2 “ “ 1 “ “ “
“ “ “ 2 “ “ 2 “ “ “
Defective signals.--2 reversals, commencing Z to E, each 5 minutes.
In soundings.--1 current of 10 minutes, Z to E.
Land in sight.--1 “ “ “ “
Notice to increase power.--1 current of 5 minutes, commencing Z to
E, and 5 reversals of 1 minute’s duration.
Notice to reduce power.--5 reversals of 1 minute, commencing Z to
E, and 1 current of 5 minutes.
SHORE.
1. During the paying-out of the Cable, from the moment of starting
until the end is landed at Newfoundland, a system of testing will
be applied without intermission.
2. The tests will be for insulation, for continuity, and to
determine the copper resistance of the conductor.
3. Each series of tests will commence at the hour (Greenwich time),
and will last 1 hour. Both the insulation and C R tests will be
made on board.
4. The insulation test will be made on board, and to enable that to
be done, the end of the Cable must be insulated on shore for 30
minutes, commencing at the hour.
5. At the 30 minutes past the hour, signals will be sent to the
ship for 10 minutes. Should ship at this time desire to open
communication, ship will put on a current so as to oppose shore’s
current on his galvanometer, to arrest shore’s attention, and will,
when gained, give the call as in paragraph 10.
6. The ordinary signal will be 5 reversals of 2 minutes’ duration,
commencing C to E.
7. At the 40 minutes, Cable to be put to earth direct, without any
instrument being in circuit.
8. At the 50 minutes, signals will be received from the ship. The
ordinary signal will be 5 reversals, each 2 minutes’ duration.
9. Then a repetition of the same series to be made and continued.
10. Should ship desire to open communication by special speaking
instruments, notice will be received by a signal of 8 reversals
(giving a deflection the opposite to the ordinary signals) of ¼
minute’s duration.
11. After returning the same signal to the ship as an
acknowledgment, the speaking instruments to be put in circuit, and
the message from the ship received, and when acknowledgment of
message, or reply, is given, the regular system of signals to be
resumed as if no interruption had occurred.
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