The Atlantic Telegraph (1865)Russell, William Howard, Sir
History
The Atlantic Telegraph (1865)
Russell, William Howard, Sir
Transatlantic cables
12. Every 50 nauts. of the Cable payed-out will be signalled to the
shore by signal (instead of the ordinary signals). This signal will
be 10 reversals of 1 minute each--the first current giving a
deflection the opposite side to the first current of the ordinary
signals.
13. Every 50 nauts. distance run will be signalled to the shore:
the signal will be 2 reversals of 2 minutes’ duration, 2 reversals
of 1 minute’s duration, and 2 reversals of 2 minutes’ duration--the
first current giving a deflection opposite to the first deflection
of the first current of the ordinary signal.
14. Should ship receive weak or defective signals, or bad time
kept, notice will be given by sending 2 reversals of 5 minutes
each, commencing the opposite side to the ordinary signals.
15. When the ship gets into soundings, notice will be given by
sending one current of 10 minutes’ duration, the opposite side to
the first current of the ordinary signals.
16. When land is in sight, notice will be given by the same signal.
17. Greenwich time to be kept, but a column to be devoted to local
time in the journals and sheets.
18. No change in instruments, wires, or connections (other than the
batteries, if necessary), to be made on any account, unless such
instruments become defective, and any necessary change to be made
as quickly as possible.
19. Should the rolling of the ship generate a magnetic current of
sufficient strength to embarrass the signals, a stronger current
for the signals must be put on by shore on receiving notice from
the ship; the notice will be given by 1 current of 5 minutes’, and
5 reversals of 1 minute’s duration.
20. The iron earth of the Cable to be used both on board and on
shore: copper earths, however, will be in readiness for use if
necessary.
21. Full particulars of every occurrence in the testing-room will
be entered in journals, together with the names of the electricians
on duty, and the time of their coming on and going off duty.
22. When the end is landed at Newfoundland, should signals fail at
any time, the paying-out system to be resumed until signals pass
again freely.
23. On receiving a signal of 5 reversals of 1 minute’s, and a
current of 5 minutes’ duration, shore must reduce the battery power
used for sending reversals by one-half, and on a repetition of the
same signal again reduce the power one-half, until (should notice
continue to be given to that effect) the minimum of power be
reached.
24. Shore must not have the privilege of opening a conversation, or
to use or call for the use of the special speaking instruments,
under any circumstances, except to give notice of any accident that
may cause an interruption of signals, or that may affect the safety
of the Cable or signals.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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