The Attic theatre : $b a description of the stage and theatre of the Athenians, and of the dramatic performances at AthensHaigh, A. E. (Arthur Elam)
History
The Attic theatre : $b a description of the stage and theatre of the Athenians, and of the dramatic performances at Athens
Haigh, A. E. (Arthur Elam)
Athens (Greece) -- Intellectual life; Greek drama -- History and criticism; Theater -- Greece -- Athens -- History -- To 500
One or two further objections to the new theory may be briefly mentioned.
If we look at the plan of the theatre at Epidaurus (Figs. 6 and 7), it
will be found that the stone border of the circular orchestra reaches to
within two or three feet of the proscenium. If the actors had performed
in front of the proscenium, they would have been sometimes inside the
stone border, and sometimes outside of it; and the whole arrangement
strikes one as awkward and unsymmetrical. Again, in the theatre at Delos
(Fig. 12), statues and other votive offerings were erected immediately in
front of the columns of the proscenium. The bases on which they rested
still remain.[490] But, if the proscenium had been the background, it
is difficult to suppose that this place would have been chosen for such
erections. When the proscenium was uncovered by scenery, and represented
an ancient palace, these votive offerings and statues would have been
altogether inappropriate as a part of the back-scene. When painted
decorations were to be set up, they would have formed an inconvenient
obstacle in the way of the mechanical arrangements. And if they were
required to serve as scenery, why were they only employed at Delos? The
probability therefore is that they were a mere architectural decoration
of the stage-front.[491]
We have now gone through the principal arguments, literary and
archaeological, which demonstrate the existence of a stage during the
Hellenistic period. It remains to consider the reasons which induce
Dörpfeld, in spite of this apparently overwhelming evidence, to deny the
existence of such a stage. And in judging this question we must remember
the fact already mentioned, that the chorus, at this time, had ceased
to take an active share in the play, and that its functions were hardly
more important than those of a band of musicians in a modern theatre.
To turn now to Dörpfeld’s reasons. He says, in the first place, that
these proscenia of the Vitruvian type would have been too narrow for
the performance of a play.[492] But their narrowness has often been
exaggerated, owing to inaccurate calculations. None of them, as it now
appears, were less than from nine to ten feet in depth.[493] But a stage
about ten feet deep, and from fifty to sixty feet long, would be amply
sufficient for the performance of a Greek play, when the chorus was
confined to the orchestra. The fact has been proved by actual experiment.
Most English scholars have probably seen the Greek plays produced in the
open-air theatre at Bradfield. The stage there is only ten feet deep and
thirty feet long. Yet every one who has been present at one of these
performances must admit that there was plenty of room upon the stage.
I am informed that on one occasion, in the funeral procession in the
Alcestis, as many as sixty people were brought upon the stage at the same
time, and without any inconvenient crowding.[494] It is clear then that
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