The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies: As illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila (1583-1800)Cunningham, Charles Henry
History
The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies: As illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila (1583-1800)
Cunningham, Charles Henry
Philippines -- History -- 1521-1812; Spain -- Colonies -- Administration
In addition to the above representations, the governor laid great
stress on the financial advantages which would be derived from a
suppression of the tribunal. He stated that the colony was short
of money, a condition of which the magistrates were well aware,
yet they always insisted on being the first to collect their own
salaries, to the exclusion, if necessary, of all other officials in the
colony. [564] With the money saved from the abolition of the audiencia,
an armed fleet could be provided for the defense of the Islands. This
was badly needed, and there was no other way of obtaining the necessary
ships. The Chinese rebellion of the year before [565] had caused
a diminution of 46,000 pesos in the commercial duties collected,
[566] and the consequent shortage of money in the treasury of the
colony furnished further reasons for the dismissal of this useless
and burdensome tribunal. Acuña admitted that the institution of
the audiencia might be successful in larger dependencies of Spain,
where the people were prosperous and where the government had an
assured income, but in the Philippines, where the citizens were poor,
with scarcely any means of support, and harassed by many magistrates
and their dependents, the audiencia had been a failure and a serious
burden.
Acuña's concluding statement very aptly sizes up the situation and
voices his demand for the abolition of the tribunal. He wrote:
The difficulty which presents itself to me in this matter is
that, if the Audiencia is abolished and everything left in charge
of the governor, there will be but slow and poor remedy for the
grievances and disorders which may occur. For they must be taken to
the Audiencia of Mexico, which is so far away that the aggrieved
ones would consume both life and property before the business was
settled ... all say that they consider government by one person the
best, when he governs justly. These men (who believe in the above)
know what the governor can do without the Audiencia, and with it;
and they believe that it is better when there are not so many
to command them, for they have never seen the audiencias redress
illegal acts by the governors.... Although there is no doubt that
much of what this paper recounts occurs in other regions where
there are audiencias, it must be remembered that in this country,
which is the newest of all and more engaged in war than any of the
others; and where the hardships of conquest and maintenance are
so omnipresent; and your Majesty has little profit or advantage,
except the cargo of cloth which goes to Nueva Hespaña (sic), and
which is divided among all; and as the resources of the country are
so scant that there is no place to go in order to seek a livelihood
outside of Manila: there is much criticism in this matter, and the
people are much aggrieved at seeing themselves in the utmost part
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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