The Auxilia of the Roman Imperial ArmyCheesman, George Leonard
History
The Auxilia of the Roman Imperial Army
Cheesman, George Leonard
Rome -- Army; Rome -- Colonies
[163] Including one ala and four cohorts of Batavians who replace the
regiments which mutinied under Civilis.
[164] Including all the alae with titles derived from proper names but
no racial title. Inscriptions show that they were mostly recruited in
Gaul, but some should perhaps be given to Belgica.
[165] Including all the cohorts which bear the general title Galli.
[166] The Ala Vocontiorum which appears in Britain is to be
distinguished from the regiment of the same name in Egypt.
[167] The cohorts of Alpini, Montani, and Ligures, which represent the
contingents of all the little Alpine provinces.
[168] Four _cohortes miliariae_ which appear late in the second century
and were probably raised at the time of the Marcomannian War.
[169] The regiments of Bosporani. Some of the auxilia of Moesia are
perhaps included among the regiments of Thracians.
[170] The Ala Vespasiana Dardanorum and the cohorts I and II Aurelia
Dardanorum.
[171] A cohors Macedonum E. (_A. E._ 1909. 58), and two regiments of
Cyrrhestici.
[172] The mysterious Ala VII Phrygum. When this regiment was only
known by one inscription (vi. 1838) the number was naturally emended.
It has, however, been confirmed by the diploma for 139 and a Greek
inscription (_A. E._ 1899. 177). The explanation is still uncertain. It
is incredible that Phrygia really contributed seven alae, six of which
have mysteriously vanished.
[173] Three cohorts of Paphlagonians and three of Galatians raised by
Trajan.
[174] Including two alae Parthorum.
[175] Including the three ‘cohortes sagittariorum’.
[176] Including the Ituraean regiments.
[177] There is no reason why these regiments should not have been
raised between 40 and 70, but they do not appear on inscriptions until
much later.
[178] Some of the cohorts of Hispani may of course have come from
Baetica.
[179] _Conscriptionsordnung_, p. 56.
[180] It appears on diplomata of 93 and 103. D. ciii and _A. E._ 1912.
128.
[181] A cohors IV Cypria is mentioned on the Dacian diploma of 110
(xxxvii), and a cohors Cypria appears in the Crimea.
[182] We find on inscriptions Cohors I Cyrenaica, II Augusta Cyrenaica,
III Cyrenaica sagittariorum, and III Augusta Cyrenaica. (See Cichorius
in Pauly-Wissowa, s.v. _cohors_). The difficulty is that _Cyrenaica_
is sometimes used as a purely descriptive title to indicate previous
residence in the province. It is thus borne by the Cohors II Hispanorum
scutata and the Cohors I Lusitanorum. Arrian, however, had Κυρηναῖοι,
both cavalry and ὁπλῖται, in the army under his command in Cappadocia
in Hadrian’s reign, so that in some cases at any rate Cyrenaica =
Cyrenaeorum, just as Gallica is sometimes used for Gallorum. A levy in
Cyrenaica is mentioned by Tacitus (_Ann._ xiv. 18), but he does not say
whether legionaries or auxiliaries were required.
[183] Gardthausen, _Augustus_, p. 631. Liebenam in Pauly-Wissowa, s.v.
_dilectus_.
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