Sages of China, the, Confucius, 89-93 Lao-tse, 94 Mencius, 93-94 Saghalien, Island of, Japan and Russia to divide possession of, 192 Schaal, Father, is president of Astronomical Board, casts cannon, and builds churches in Peking, 143 Sea of Japan, Battle of, 191-192 Seng Ko Lin Sin (nicknamed "Sam Collinson" by British), Lama prince who heads northern armies against Tai-ping rebels, 59, 159 defeated by British and French before Peking, 59 Shang dynasty, founded by Shang-tang, 80 annals of, 80, 82 "made religion the basis of education," 82 Shanghai, one of the five treaty ports, 26 colleges and schools, newspapers and translation bureaux, 28 foreign Concessions, opulent business houses, and luxurious mansions, 27 leading commercial emporium, 26 _Shang-ti_ and _Tien_, Roman Catholics and the terms, 143 Shangyang, a statesman of the Chou dynasty, converts the tenure of land into fee simple, 85 Shansi, province of, 54 prolific of bankers, 54 rich in agricultural and mineral resources, 54 Shantung, province of, 30-32 apples, pears, and peaches grown, 30 railway built by Germans from the sea to Tsinan-fu,30 Shanyu, a forerunner of the Grand Khan of Tartary, 111 [Page 323] Shaohing, city, in Chéhkiang province noted for its rice wine and lawyers, 23 Sheffield, Dr., president of Tung-chow College, 286 Shengking, province of Manchuria, 56 Shensi, province of, earliest home of the Chinese, 55 monument at Si-ngan commemorating the introduction of Christianity by Nestorians, 55 Shi-hwang-ti, real founder of the Chinese Empire, 102 devout believer in Taoism, 104 sends a consignment of lads and lasses to Japan, 103 though one of the heroes of history he is execrated for burning the writings of Confucius, 102 Shin-nung, "divine husbandman," mythical ruler, worshipped as the Ceres of China, 72 _Shu-king_, the, or "Book of History," one of the Five Classics edited by Confucius, 76 Shun, successor of Yao, rejects his own son and leaves throne to Ta-yü, 74 Shunteh-fu, American mission at, 40 Shun-ti, last monarch of the Yuen dynasty, 133 Si-ngan, city in Shensi, 55 capital of the Chous, 55 capital of the T'angs, 121 Empress Dowager takes refuge there, 42 monument commemorating the introduction of Christianity by Nestonans, 121 _Sing Su Hai_, "Sea of Stars," cluster of lakes in Tibet, 63 Siun Kien founds the state of Wu, 112 _Siu-tsai_, literary degree equivalent to A. B., 122 Smith, Dr. Arthur, and thanksgiving service at raising of siege of British Legation, Peking, 178 Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, 266 Solatium to encourage honesty in public officials, 208 Spaniards, the, trade and relations with China, 137 St. John's College, Shanghai, 287 Stoessel, General, and his defence of Port Arthur, 188 "Strange Stories of an Idle Student," a popular work in Chinese depicting conditions prior to Opium War, 150-151 Streets, improvement in construction and protection of, 218