11:1. I say then: Hath God cast away his people? God forbid! For I also am an Israelite of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. 11:2. God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Know you not what the scripture saith of Elias, how he calleth on God against Israel? 11:3. Lord, they have slain thy prophets, they have dug down thy altars. And I am left alone: and they seek my life. 11:4. But what saith the divine answer to him? I have left me seven thousand men that have not bowed their knees to Baal. Seven thousand, etc. . .This is very ill alleged by some, against the perpetual visibility of the church of Christ; the more, because however the number of the faithful might be abridged by the persecution of Jezabel in the kingdom of the ten tribes, the church was at the same time in a most flourishing condition (under Asa and Josaphat) in the kingdom of Judah. 11:5. Even so then, at this present time also, there is a remnant saved according to the election of grace. 11:6. And if by grace, it is not now by works: otherwise grace is no more grace. It is not now by works, etc. . .If salvation were to come by works, done by nature, without faith and grace, salvation would not be a grace or favour, but a debt; but such dead works are indeed of no value in the sight of God towards salvation. It is not the same with regard to works done with, and by, God's grace; for to such works as these, he has promised eternal salvation. 11:7. What then? That which Israel sought, he hath not obtained: but the election hath obtained it. And the rest have been blinded. 11:8. As it is written: God hath given them the spirit of insensibility; eyes that they should not see and ears that they should not hear, until this present day. God hath given them, etc. . .Not by his working or acting in them; but by his permission, and by withdrawing his grace in punishment of their obstinacy. 11:9. And David saith: Let their table be made a snare and a trap and a stumbling block and a recompense unto them. 11:10. Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see: and bow down their back always. 11:11. I say then: Have they so stumbled, that they should fall? God forbid! But by their offence salvation is come to the Gentiles, that they may be emulous of them. That they should fall. . .The nation of the Jews is not absolutely and without remedy cast off for ever; but in part only, (many thousands of them having been at first converted,) and for a time; which fall of theirs, God has been pleased to turn to the good of the Gentiles. 11:12. Now if the offence of them be the riches of the world and the diminution of them the riches of the Gentiles: how much more the fulness of them? 11:13. For I say to you, Gentiles: As long indeed as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I will honour my ministry, 11:14. If, by any means, I may provoke to emulation them who are my flesh and may save some of them.