11:5. For by what things their enemies were punished, when their drink failed them, while the children of Israel abounded therewith, and rejoiced: By what things, etc. . .The meaning is, that God, who wrought a miracle to punish the Egyptians by thirst, when he turned all their waters into blood, (at which time the Israelites, who were exempt from those plagues, had plenty of water,) wrought another miracle in favour of his own people in their thirst, by giving them water out of the rock. 11:6. By the same things they in their need were benefited. 11:7. For instead of a fountain of an ever running river, thou gavest human blood to the unjust. 11:8. And whilst they were diminished for a manifest reproof of their murdering the infants, thou gavest to thine abundant water unlooked for: 11:9. Shewing by the thirst that was then, how thou didst exalt thine, and didst kill their adversaries. 11:10. For when they were tried, and chastised with mercy, they knew how the wicked were judged with wrath, and tormented. 11:11. For thou didst admonish and try them as a father: but the others, as a severe king, thou didst examine and condemn. 11:12. For whether absent or present, they were tormented alike. 11:13. For a double affliction came upon them, and a groaning for the remembrance of things past. 11:14. For when they heard that by their punishments the others were benefited, they remembered the Lord, wondering at the end of what was come to pass. By their punishments, etc. . .That is, that the Israelites had been benefited and miraculously favoured in the same kind, in which they had been punished. 11:15. For whom they scorned before, when he was thrown out at the time of his being wickedly exposed to perish, him they admired in the end, when they saw the event: their thirsting being unlike to that of the just. 11:16. But for the foolish devices of their iniquity, because some being deceived worshipped dumb serpents and worthless beasts, thou didst send upon them a multitude of dumb beasts for vengeance: Dumb beasts. . .Viz., frogs, sciniphs, flies, and locusts. 11:17. That they might know that by what things a man sinneth, by the same also he is tormented. 11:18. For thy almighty hand, which made the world of matter without form, was not unable to send upon them a multitude of bears, or fierce lions, 11:19. Or unknown beasts of a new kind, full of rage; either breathing out a fiery vapour, or sending forth a stinking smoke, or shooting horrible sparks out of their eyes: 11:20. Whereof not only the hurt might be able to destroy them, but also the very sight might kill them through fear. 11:21. Yea, and without these, they might have been slain with one blast, persecuted by their own deeds, and scattered by the breath of thy power: but thou hast ordered all things in measure, and number, and weight. 11:22. For great power always belonged to thee alone: and who shall resist the strength of thy arm?