When Geology was in its infancy scientists attempted to reconcile its teachings with the teachings of the Bible. No scientist worthy of the name attempts to reconcile them now. Writing over thirty years ago, Carl Vogt thus records the triumph of Geology over Genesis: "It is hardly twenty years since I learned from Agassiz: transitional strata, palæozoic formations--kingdom of fishes; there are no reptiles in this period, and cannot be any, because it would be contrary to the plan of creation; secondary formations (Trias, Jura, chalk)--kingdom of reptiles; there are no mammals and cannot be any, for the same reason; tertiary strata--kingdom of mammals; there are no men and cannot be any; present creation--kingdom of man. What is become of this plan of creation, with its exclusiveness? Reptiles in the Devonian strata, reptiles in the coal, reptiles in the Dyas. Farewell, kingdom of fish! Mammals in the Jura, mammals in Purbeck chalk, which some reckon as the lowest chalk formation; good-by, kingdom of reptiles! Men in the highest tertiary strata, men in the diluvial forms--au revoir, kingdom of mammals!" Geography. "The world also shall be stable, that it be not moved" (1 Chron. xvi, 30). "Who laid the foundations of the earth that it should not be removed forever" (Ps. civ, 5). "For the pillars of the earth are the Lord's, and he hath set the world upon them" (1 Sam. ii, 8). "I saw four angels standing on the four corners of the earth" (Rev. vii, 1). "The devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world" (Matt. iv, 8). The science of Geography describes the earth as spherical in form, with a daily revolution on its axis and an annual revolution around the sun. The Bible describes it as stable, flat, and angular. "And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads. "The name of the first is Pison" [Indus or Ganges] (Gen. ii, 10, 11). "And the name of the second river is Gihon [Nile]: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia. "And the name of the third river is Hiddekel [Tigris]: ... And the fourth river is Euphrates" (ii, 13, 14). Bible geography makes the Nile and the Euphrates both branches of the same river. "Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which is called Sychar" (John iv, 5). Samaria contained no city of this name. "These things were done in Bethany beyond Jordan" (John i, 28, New Ver.). Bethany was a suburb of Jerusalem and not located beyond the Jordan. "He departed from Galilee, and came into the coasts of Judea beyond Jordan" (Matt. xix, 1). The dead sea and the Jordan formed the eastern boundary of Judea, and no coasts of Judea existed beyond the Jordan. "Which was of Bethsaida of Galilee" (John xii, 21). Bethsaida was not of Galilee, but of Perea. Botany.