The Biotic Associations of CockroachesRoth, Louis M. (Louis Marcus)
Science
The Biotic Associations of Cockroaches
Roth, Louis M. (Louis Marcus)
Cockroaches; Insects -- Ecology
=Endolimax blattae= Lucas
_Natural hosts._--_Blatta orientalis_, England (Lucas, 1927, 1927a);
U.S.S.R. (Zasukhin, 1930); Germany (Chen, 1933).
_Periplaneta americana_, England (Lucas, 1927, 1927a); Indochina (Weill,
1929); U.S.A. (Armer, 1944).
_Periplaneta australasiae_, U.S.A. (Steinhaus, 1946).
Organism is found in the hind gut of the cockroach. Zasukhin (1930)
found 3-percent infestation in over 3,000 _B. orientalis_ examined.
=Endolimax nana= (Wenyon and O'Connor)?
_Synonymy._--_Entamoeba nana._
_Natural host._--_Blaberus atropos_, Venezuela (Tejera, 1926): A small
amoeba greatly resembling _E. nana_ was found in the intestinal contents
of the cockroach. In inoculations this amoeba was not pathogenic.
=Endolimax= sp.
_Natural hosts._--_Blatta orientalis_, U.S.S.R. (Zasukhin, 1930): This
organism was found in the hind gut of 0.3 percent of over 3,000
cockroaches examined.
_Blattella germanica_ and/or _Periplaneta americana_, Egypt (DeCoursey
and Otto, 1956, 1957): Seventy-four out of 261 cockroaches examined
harbored this protozoan.
=Iodamoeba= sp.
_Natural vectors._--_Blattella garmanica_ and/or _Periplaneta
americana_, Egypt (DeCoursey and Otto, 1956, 1957): Fifty-nine of 261
cockroaches examined contained this protozoan. _Iodamoeba_ sp. was
common in human feces in villages in which the cockroaches were
collected.
=Undetermined species of Amoeba=
_Natural host._--_Panesthia angustipennis_, Philippine Islands. (Kidder,
1937): Found in only one specimen.
Class SPOROZOA
Order GREGARINIDA
Family DIPLOCYSTIDAE
=Diplocystis schneideri= Kunstler
(Fig. 2, I)
_Natural hosts._--_Blatta orientalis_, England (Woodcock, 1904; Jameson,
1920).
=Periplaneta americana=, France (Kunstler, 1884, 1887); England
(Jameson, 1920); Germany (Foerster, 1939).
In body cavity of host. Cysts containing spores are ingested during
cannibalistic feeding on infected cockroaches. Sporozoites penetrate the
gut wall which later ruptures, freeing the gregarines into the coelom.
There is no apparent pathogenic effect. Jameson (1920) found 81 percent
of _P. americana_ infested with _D. schneideri_.
=Diplocystis= sp.
_Natural host._--_Periplaneta americana_, U.S.A. (Hertig, 1921): Heavy
infections in body cavity.
Cockroach, India (Ray and Dasgupta, 1955): A large number of
cockroaches, both adults and nymphs, collected in Calcutta were all
infected.
=Diplocystis= sp.?
_Natural host._--_Blaberus craniifer_, U.S.A. (Nutting, 1953): From 1 to
12 or more paired trophozoites or cysts may be found in the hemocoele
and occasionally in the thorax.
Family STENOPHORIDAE
=Stenophora= sp.
_Natural host._--_Blatta orientalis_, India (Bal and Rai, 1955): Organism
found in the midgut of the cockroach.
Family GREGARINIDAE
=Gregarina blattarum= von Siebold
_Synonymy._--_Gregarina blattae orientalis_; _Clepsidrina blattarum_.
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