_Natural hosts._--_Periplaneta americana_, South Africa (Porter, 1930); Germany (Bode, 1936): Bode's record may have referred to a _Mermis_ or other nematode. Cockroaches, Venezuela (Miall and Denny, 1886; Burr, 1899a; Tejera, 1926). =Parachordodes raphaelis= (Camerano, 1893) Camerano, 1897 _Synonymy._--_Gordius raphaelis_ Camerano, 1893 [Camerano, 1897]. _Natural hosts._--_Symploce parenthesis_ and _Kuchinga hemerobina_, French Equatorial Africa (Camerano, 1893, 1897). =Undetermined gordian worms= _Natural hosts._--_Eurycotis floridana_, Florida (T. Eisner, personal communication, 1958): See plate 29, B. _Parahormetica bilobata_, Brazil (Pessôa and Corrêa, 1929): Worm referred to as "gordiaceo." Cockroaches, Australia (E. F. Riek, personal communication, 1953): Three undescribed gordian worms were found in undetermined cockroaches of the subfamily Blattinae. HELMINTHS[4] FOR WHICH COCKROACHES SERVE AS INTERMEDIATE HOSTS The use of the asterisk (*) is explained in footnote 3, page 4. Phylum ACANTHOCEPHALA Order ARCHIACANTHOCEPHALA Family OLIGACANTHORHYNCHIDAE * =Prosthenorchis elegans= (Diesing, 1851) Travassos, 1915 _Natural host._--_Blattella germanica_, France (Brumpt and Urbain, 1938, 1938a; Brumpt et al., 1939). _Experimental hosts._--_Blaberus atropos_ and _Leucophaea maderae_, France (Brumpt and Desportes, 1938). * =Prosthenorchis spirula= (Olfers in Rudolphi, 1819) Travassos, 1917 _Natural host._--_Blattella germanica_, France (Brumpt and Urbain, 1938, 1938a; Brumpt et al., 1939); Netherlands (Thiel and Wiegand Bruss, 1946). _Experimental hosts._--_Blattella germanica_, Netherlands (Thiel and Wiegand Bruss, 1946). _Blaberus atropos_ and _Leucophaea maderae_, France (Brumpt and Desportes, 1938). Family MONILIFORMIDAE * =Moniliformis dubius= Meyer, 1932 _Natural hosts._--_Periplaneta americana_, Brazil (Magalhães, 1898; Travassos, 1917); Gold Coast (Southwell, 1922); India (Pujatti, 1950); U.S.A. (Burlingame and Chandler, 1941; Moore, 1946). _Periplaneta australasiae_, India (Pujatti, 1950). _Experimental hosts._--_Blattella germanica_, Japan (Yamaguti and Miyata, 1942). _Periplaneta americana_, U.S.A. (Chandler, 1941; Moore, 1946); Japan (Yamaguti and Miyata, 1942). * =Moniliformis kalahariensis= Meyer, 1931 _Natural host._--_Blattella germanica_, India (Meyer, 1931, 1932). * =Moniliformis moniliformis= (Bremser _in_ Rudolphi, 1819) Travassos, 1915 _Natural hosts._--_Periplaneta americana_, Argentina (Bacigalupo, 1927, 1927a, 1928); Brazil (Pessôa and Corrêa, 1929); Algeria (Seurat, 1912); Burma (Subramanian, 1927); South Africa (Porter, 1930); Madras (Sita, 1949). _Periplaneta_ spp., New Caledonia (Rageau, 1956). Cockroaches, Venezuela (Tejera, 1926). _Experimental hosts._--_Blaberus atropos_, _Blatta orientalis_, _Blattella germanica_, _Leucophaea maderae_, France (Brumpt and Urbain, 1938a).