_Spiders._--Jefferys (1760) mentioned a large spider which was protected in the Antilles and especially on Guadeloupe because it hunted down and fed on cockroaches; the spider was reputed to be common in every house. Sir Hans Sloane (1725, _in_ Cowan, 1865) reported that residents of Jamaica kept spiders in their houses to destroy cockroaches. Takahashi (1924) reported that, in the Taihoku area of Formosa, human habitations contained large numbers of spiders which caught and ate cockroaches. Smith (_in_ Marlatt, 1915) reported that Brazilians encourage large house spiders because they tend to rid the house of "other insect pests." In British Guiana tarantulas were kept in a bungalow to control _Periplaneta_ and _Pycnoscelus_ (Beebe, 1925a). _Ants._--A Madam Merian noticed that ants cleared houses of cockroaches (Kirby and Spence, 1822). A small reddish-yellow ant, called Pucchuçiçi by Peruvian Indians, pursued and destroyed a cockroach called Chilicabra which was a pest in native huts (Tschudi, 1847). Schwabe (1950b) found swarms of ants attacking living _Pycnoscelus surinamensis_ and stated that ants are probably the chief enemy of this cockroach in Hawaii. Wallace (1891) stated that in Africa a band of driver ants may enter a house and clear it of cockroaches and other arthropods. In British Guiana, Beebe, (1925) found that several times a year army ants cleared the laboratory of all cockroaches and tarantulas. _Wasp egg parasites._--Matsumura (1917, _in_ Asano, 1937) proposed that parasitic wasps such as _Evania_ and _Brachygaster_ be protected in Japan as the natural enemies of cockroaches. In one area in France, 20 percent of the oöthecae of _Loboptera decipiens_ were parasitized by _Zeuxevania splendidula_ (Genieys, 1924). Edmunds (1952a) found that 12 percent of 459 oöthecae of _Parcoblatta_ collected during December through April of 1950-51 in Ohio were parasitized; evaniids accounted for about 7 percent of the parasitization. Additional collection data in 1951-52 Edmunds (1953a) showed that 8.7 percent of 320 wood-cockroach oöthecae were parasitized; 2.8 percent of these parasites were evaniids; almost 13 percent of the egg capsules collected showed evidence of previous parasite emergence. Cameron (1957) reported that oöthecae of _Periplaneta americana_ collected in Saudi Arabia were 29 percent parasitized in March and 25 percent parasitized in October by _Evania appendigaster_. Sonan (1924) found 1 of 65 oöthecae of _P. americana_ and _P. australasiae_ parasitized by _E. appendigaster_ in Formosa. Cottam (1922) stated that the increase of _Supella supellectilium_ in Khartoum was checked by a wasp egg-parasite that was later identified as _Anastatus tenuipes_ (see p. 246) (Ferrière, 1930, 1935). In this country, this wasp seemed to be effective in decreasing the numbers of _Supella_ in certain areas in Arizona (Flock, 1941).