Introductions of _Ampulex_ have proved more successful. _Ampulex canaliculata_ was introduced into Hawaii from the United States (Williams, 1928a, 1929). Williams also introduced _A. compressa_ into Hawaii in 1940, and the species was reared in large numbers for distribution (Pemberton, 1942). _A. compressa_ has since become established on most of the Islands (Pemberton, 1945a, 1947; Williams, 1946; Van Zwaluwenburg, 1950). The thousand of _A. compressa_ now found in the Hawaiian Islands are all descendants of three wasps captured in Noumea, New Caledonia (Williams, 1944). According to Williams (1941), the number of cockroaches was noticeably reduced at the University of Hawaii poultry farm, where some _A. compressa_ were released. Pemberton (1953) believed that this wasp has become sufficiently abundant to be of definite value. Simmonds (1941) recommended importing _A. compressa_ into Fiji for cockroach control. _A. compressa_ was introduced from Hawaii into Guam in 1954 against _Periplaneta americana_ and into the Cook Islands in 1955 against _Periplaneta_ spp.; it is not yet known whether the parasite became established in either place (Dumbleton, 1957). VERTEBRATES ... on conserve avec soin les crapauds dans les maisons, et que les dames les tolèrent, même sous leurs robes, en raison de leurs continuels services, car ils se promènent sans cesse à la recherche des Kakerlacs. GIRARD (1877) _Toads._--_Bufo marinus_ was first introduced into Puerto Rico from Barbados in 1920 to reduce several major insect pests including cockroaches (Leonard, 1933). It was introduced from Puerto Rico into Hawaii by C. E. Pemberton in 1932 where it rapidly became established; it has since been distributed throughout the Pacific area. _B. marinus_ is one of the world's largest toads; it attains a body length (exclusive of the hind legs) of 7 to 9 inches (Oliver, 1949) and has been kept alive for more than 11 years in captivity (Pemberton, 1945). Alicata (1938) placed giant toads in a fenced area in Hawaii containing an infestation of _Pycnoscelus surinamensis_; after 24 hours the toads were dissected and each was found to have eaten from 11 to 25 cockroaches. Illingworth (1941) found that 40 to 90 percent of 53 stools of this toad in Hawaii contained remains of _P. surinamensis_. Alicata (1947) recommended the maintenance of _B. marinus_ in poultry yards to reduce the population of _P. surinamensis_, the vector of the chicken eye worm. Toads have also been recommended for controlling cockroaches in houses (Meech, 1889; Sweetman, 1936). Girard (1877) cited a note in a French newspaper which stated that toads were kept in houses in Cuba to control the American cockroach.