393c. HARRIS'S WOODPECKER. _Dryobates villosus harrisi._ Range.--Pacific coast from California to British Columbia. Similar to the Hairy but with fewer or no white spots on the wing coverts, and grayish on the underparts. 393d. CABANIS WOODPECKER. _Dryobates villosus hyloscopus._ Range.--Southern California, east to Arizona and south into Mexico. Like the preceding but whiter below. 393e. ROCKY MOUNTAIN HAIRY WOODPECKER. _Dryobates villosus monticola._ Range.--Rocky Mountains from British Columbia south to New Mexico. Similar to _harrisi_ but slightly larger and pure white below. 393f. QUEEN CHARLOTTE WOODPECKER. _Dryobates villosus picoideus._ Range.--Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Like Harris Woodpecker, but with the flanks streaked and the middle of the back spotted with blackish. [Illustration 252: Hairy Woodpecker.] [Illustration: White.] [Illustration: 393c--394a.] [Illustration: right hand margin.] Page 251 394. SOUTHERN DOWNY WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens pubescens._ Range.--Gulf and South Atlantic States; north to South Carolina. This species, which is the smallest of the North American Woodpecker (length 6 inches), is similar in plumage to the Hairy Woodpecker, but has the ends of the white, outer tail feathers spotted with black. Like the last species, it is represented by sub-species in all parts of North America, the nesting habits of all the varieties being the same and the eggs not distinguishable from one another. They nest in holes in trees, very often in orchards or trees in the neighborhood of houses. They are not nearly as shy as the Hairy Woodpeckers, and also associate with other birds very freely. The three to six eggs are laid upon the bottom of the cavity, with no lining. The height of the nesting season is during May or June. The white glossy eggs are .75 × .60. 394a. GAIRDNER'S WOODPECKER. Dryobates pubescens gairdneri. Range.--Pacific coast from northern California to British Columbia. This sub-species is like the last, but is without spots on the wing coverts and is a dingy white below, differing the same as Harris Woodpecker from the Hairy. 394b. BATCHELDER'S WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens homorus._ Range.--Rocky Mountain region of the United States. Like the last but whiter below. 394c. DOWNY WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens medianus._ Range.--North America, east of the Plains and north of South Carolina. Similar to the southern variety but slightly larger and whiter. 394d. NELSON'S DOWNY WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens nelsoni._ Range.--Alaska. Similar to the northern variety but still larger. 394e. WILLOW WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens turati._ Range.--California except the northern parts and the ranges of the south. Similar to Gairdner Woodpecker, but smaller and whiter. 395. RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER. _Dryobates borealis._ Range.--Southeastern United States, from South Carolina and Arkansas, southward.