Range.--North America, east of the Plains, and from New Brunswick and Manitoba southward; winters from the Gulf States southward. This trim and graceful, but quarrelsome, species is grayish on the head, neck, and breast, shading to greenish on the back and quite abruptly into bright yellow on the underparts; the head is slightly crested and the inner webs of all the lateral tail feathers are reddish brown. They are abundant in most of their range but are generally shy so they are not as often seen as many other more rare birds. They nest in cavities of any kind of trees and at any elevation from the ground, the nest being made of twigs, weeds and trash, and generally having incorporated into its make-up a piece of cast off snake skin. They lay from four to six eggs of a buffy color, blotched and lined with dark brown and lavender. Size .85 × .65. [Illustration 287: Creamy buff.] [Illustration: Crested Flycatcher.] [Illustration: Buff.] [Illustration: right hand margin.] Page 286 453. ARIZONA CRESTED FLYCATCHER. _Myiarchus magister magister._ Range.--Southern Arizona and New Mexico, south through Mexico. This bird is very similar to, but averages slightly larger than the Mexican Flycatcher. Its nesting habits are the same and the eggs cannot be distinguished from those of the latter, the nest being most frequently found in giant cacti. 453a. MEXICAN CRESTED FLYCATCHER. _Myiarchus magister nelsoni._ Range.--Mexico, north to southern Texas. This species is similar to the last but is considerably paler. They are common in some localities, nesting in holes in trees or stumps, often those deserted by Woodpeckers. Their eggs are like those of the last but average paler. Data.--Corpus Christi, Texas, May 10, 1899. Nest in hole in telegraph pole; made of red cow hair, feathers and leaves. 4 eggs. Collector, Frank B. Armstrong. 454. ASH-THROATED FLYCATCHER. _Myiarchus cinerascens cinerascens._ Range.--North America, west of the Plains and south of Canada. Similar to the others of the genus but grayish brown above and with the underparts much paler, the throat and breast being nearly white. Like the others they nest in cavities in trees, either natural or ones made by Woodpeckers. Their four to five eggs are lighter in color than those of crinitus but cannot be distinguished from those of the Mexican Crested Flycatcher. [Illustration 288: 453--454.] [Illustration: Pale buff.] [Illustration: no caption.] [Illustration: Buff.] [Illustration: left hand margin.] Page 287 454b. LOWER CALIFORNIA FLYCATCHER. _Myiarchus cinerascens pertinax._ Range.--Lower California. This sub-species is similar to Nutting Flycatcher but paler below and grayish above. 455a. OLIVACEOUS FLYCATCHER. _Myiarchus lawrencei olivascens._ Range.--Western Mexico, north to southern Arizona.