A very similar bird to the last but whiter below. It is a much more abundant species than the last and is found breeding in open woods and thickets on all the ranges. The nests are built like those of the Least Flycatcher and nearly always are found in the crotch of trees or bushes at a low elevation; their nests, like those of the two preceding species, bear a strong resemblance to those of the Yellow Warblers which are found in the same localities and locations. The eggs are pale creamy white, four in number and measure .68 × .52. [Illustration 297: Least Flycatcher.] [Illustration: White.] [Illustration: White.] [Illustration: White.] [Illustration: 462--469--469.1.] [Illustration: right hand margin.] Page 296 469.1. GRAY FLYCATCHER. _Empidonax griseus._ Range.--Lower California, north to southern California. This is a slightly larger species than the preceding and is grayish above and paler below, with little or no tinge of brownish or yellow. As far as I can learn its eggs have not yet been taken. 470a. BUFF-BREASTED FLYCATCHER. _Empidonax fulvifrons pygmæus._ Range.--Western Mexico, north to southern New Mexico and Arizona. This small bird, which is but 4.75 inches in length, is brownish gray above and brownish buff below. It is not a common species anywhere, but is known to nest during June or July, on high mountain ranges, saddling its nest of fibres, covered with lichens, on horizontal boughs at quite an elevation from the ground. The eggs are pale buffy white, unspotted, and measure .60 × .50. 471. VERMILLION FLYCATCHER. _Pyrocephalus rubinus mexicanus._ Range.--Mexico, north regularly to southern Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. This is one of the most gaudy attired of all North American birds, being brownish gray on the back, wings and tail, and having a bright vermillion crown, crest and underparts. They are quite common in southern Texas, but far more abundant in the southern parts of Arizona. Their habits do not differ from those of other Flycatchers, they living almost exclusively upon insects. The majority of their nests can not be distinguished from those of the Wood Pewee, being covered with lichens and saddled upon limbs in a similar manner, but some lack the mossy ornamentation. Their three or four eggs are buffy, boldly blotched with dark brown and lavender, chiefly in a wreath about the middle of the egg; size .70 × .50. Data.--San Pedro River, Arizona, June 10, 1899. Nest in the fork of a willow about 20 feet above the stream. Collector, O. W. Howard. 472. BEARDLESS FLYCATCHER. _Camptostoma imberbe._ Range.--Central America; north casually to the Lower Rio Grande in Texas. This strange little Flycatcher, several specimens of which have been taken in the vicinity of Lomita, Texas, is but 4.5 inches in length, grayish in color and has a short bill, the upper mandible of which is curved. It has all the habits peculiar to Flycatchers. Their eggs have not as yet been found as far as I can learn.