Range.--Breeds in the Arctic regions and winters south to the northern parts of the United States. This variety is smaller than the last and is considerably darker but still retains the white rump of the Greenland Redpoll. Its nesting habits are the same as those of the next. [Illustration 330: White.] [Illustration: 523--524--524a.] [Illustration: 525--526.] [Illustration: left hand margin.] Page 329 528. REDPOLL. _Acanthis linaria linaria._ Range.--Breeds within the Arctic Circle; winters south to New York, Kansas and northern California and casually farther. This species is similar to the last but much darker, and the rump is also streaked with blackish. These handsome birds are often met with in winter, feeding on seeds of the weed stems that project above the snow. Their flight and song is similar to that of the Goldfinch or Pine Siskin. They nest at low elevations, either in trees or bushes. The eggs number from three to six and are pale bluish, sparingly specked with reddish brown. Size .65 × .50. Data.--Mouth of Great Whale River, Hudson Bay, May 16, 1899. Nest in a willow 4 feet from the ground; made of fine rootlets and grass, lined with feathers. Collector, A. P. Lowe. 528a. HOLBOLL'S REDPOLL. _Acanthis linaria holbœlli._ Range.--Arctic regions; south casually to the border of the United States. A slightly larger variety of the common Redpoll. Eggs probably not distinguished. 528b. GREATER REDPOLL. _Acanthis linaria rostrata._ Range.--Breeds in southern Greenland; in winter south through Labrador to the northern border of the United States. This variety is larger and darker than the common Redpoll. It has been found breeding abundantly in southern Greenland, where its nesting habits are the same as those of the Redpoll and the eggs similar but averaging a trifle larger. 529. GOLDFINCH. _Astragalinus tristis tristis_. Range.--North America east of the Rockies, and from Labrador and Manitoba southward. These beautiful birds are among our sweetest songsters from May until September. They are resident throughout their United States range, where they breed in August or early in September, being one of the latest nesting birds that we have. Their nests are located in bushes, at a height of generally below fifteen feet above the ground, being placed in upright forks, and made of plant fibres and thistle down, firmly woven together. They lay from three to six plain bluish white eggs. Size .65 × .50. The majority of nests that I have found have been in alders over small streams. [Illustration 331: Bluish green.] [Illustration: Redpoll.] [Illustration: Bluish white.] [Illustration: Goldfinch.] [Illustration: right hand margin.] Page 330 [Illustration 332: AMERICAN GOLDFINCH.] Page 331 529a. PALE GOLDFINCH. _Astragalinus tristis pallidus._ Range.--Rocky Mountains from Mexico to British Columbia. This variety is slightly larger and (in winter) paler than the last.