Crown of the head olive-yellow; throat bright yellow; a black line commences at the base of the bill, surrounds the eye, and extends over the ear-coverts; behind the ear springs a lengthened tuft of rich yellow feathers; upper surface, wings and tail dark brown, with a tinge of olive; primaries and tail-feathers margined with olive-yellow; chest and under surface brownish yellow; bill black; irides reddish brown; feet blackish brown. The Plate represents a male and a female on a branch of the _Tecoma Australis_, of the natural size. [Illustration: PTILOTIS CRATITIUS: _Gould_. _J. Gould and H. C. Richter del et lith._ _C. Hullmandel Imp._ ] PTILOTIS CRATITIUS, _Gould_. Wattle-cheeked Honey-eater. _Ptilotis cratitius_, Gould in Proc. of Zool. Soc., Part VIII. p. 160. I first met with this new species of Honey-eater on the 26th of June, 1839, on the ranges near the Upper Torrens in South Australia: it appeared to be a most pugnacious bird, driving every other species from the tree upon which it was feeding. I afterwards met with it on Kangaroo Island and in the Belts of the Murray. In all these situations it evinced a decided preference for the _Eucalypti_, among the smaller branches and flowers of which it was busily engaged in extracting pollen and honey from the flower-cups. The trees in the Belts of the Murray and on Kangaroo Island are of a dwarf character, while those of the Upper Torrens are very lofty; yet each appeared to be equally resorted to. I have never seen this bird from any other parts of Australia than those I have mentioned; further research may, however, enable us to assign to it a much greater range of habitat. It is very closely allied to the _Ptilotis auricomis_, but may at all times be distinguished from that, as well as from every other known species of the group, by the lengthened wattle, of a beautiful lilac-colour, which stretches from the corner of the mouth and extends down the sides of the cheeks; after death, this wattle, which is but slightly pendulous, becomes dry and discoloured, so as to be scarcely distinguishable. Of its nidification no information could be obtained. The sexes are nearly alike in plumage, and both have the fleshy appendage on the cheeks, but the female is somewhat smaller than her mate. Crown of the head grey; all the upper surface olive-green; wings and tail brown, margined with greenish yellow; lores, a large space surrounding the eye and the ear-coverts black, below which is a narrow line of bright yellow; from the gape, down each side of the throat for five-eighths of an inch, a naked fleshy appendage, free at the lower end, of a beautiful lilac-colour and very conspicuous in the living bird; anterior to this is a tuft of bright yellow feathers; throat and under surface olive-yellow; irides and eyelash black; bill black; feet blackish brown tinged with olive.