The food of our Blackbird, though consisting mainly of insects, is
not confined to them. We usually find the stomach distended with
caterpillars, moths, grasshoppers, beetles, and other insects, to such
a degree that we wonder how the mass could have been forced in. But I
have found these contents mixed up with, and stained by the berries of
the snake-withe; and in July I have found the stomach crammed with the
berries of the fiddle-wood, (_Cytharaxylon_,) which had stained the
whole inner surface of a bright crimson. Flocks of these birds were
at that time feeding on the glowing clusters profusely ripe upon the
trees. Stationary insects are the staple food; to obtain which, they
hop about grassy places, and are often seen to jump, or to run eagerly
at their prey; on which occasions the long tail, continuing the given
motion after the body has stopped, is thrown forward in an odd manner,
sometimes nearly turning the bird head over heels. It is probably to
protect the eyes from the stalks of weeds and blades of grass in these
headlong leaps, that the projecting brows are furnished with a row
of short but very stiff overhanging bristles; but what purpose was
served by the high and thin knife-blade of a beak, I was ignorant, till
informed by Mr. Hill, who observes that it “enables the bird to open
out the soft earth, and seek for its insect food; it also facilitates
its access to the vermin imbedded in the long close hair of animals. I
am assured,” he adds, “that if a patch of cows’ dung be examined after
Crotophagas have been searching for the larvæ of insects, it will be
found furrowed as if a miniature plough had passed through it.”
The form of this organ has given occasion, in Hayti, where also it is
common, to the appellation of “bout de tabac,” that is “bowl of tobacco
pipe;” it is also called there _Judeo_.
The name _Crotophaga_, (tick-eater,) is no misnomer, as has been,
without foundation, asserted by some who never saw the living bird.
Almost every one in Jamaica is aware that the Savanna Blackbird, as
well as the Grakle, feeds on the parasites of cattle. I made particular
inquiries about this soon after my arrival, and was assured of the fact
by persons who had witnessed it multitudes of times, and who could not
“mistake” the Blackbird for the Grakle, their whole form, voice, and
motions, being different.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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