The tongue of this species, (and doubtless others have a similar
conformation,) presents, when recent, the appearance of two tubes
laid side by side, united for half their length, but separate for the
remainder. Their substance is transparent in the same degree as a good
quill, which they much resemble: each tube is formed by a lamina rolled
up, yet not so as to bring the edges into actual contact, for there
is a longitudinal fissure on the outer side, running up considerably
higher than the junction of the tubes; into this fissure the point of
a pin may be inserted and moved up and down the length. Near the tip
the _outer_ edge of each lamina ceases to be convoluted, but is spread
out, and split at the margin into irregular fimbriæ, which point
backward, somewhat like the vane of a feather; these are not barbs,
however, but simply soft and flexible points, such as might be produced
by snipping diagonally the edge of a strip of paper. I conjecture
that the nectar of flowers is pumped up the tubes, and that minute
insects are caught, when in flowers, in these spoon-like tips, their
minute limbs being perhaps entangled in the fimbriæ, when the tongue
is retracted into the beak, and the insects swallowed by the ordinary
process, as doubtless those are which are captured with the beak in
flight. I do not thoroughly understand the mode by which liquids are
taken up by a Humming-bird’s tongue, though I have carefully watched
the process. If syrup be presented to one in a quill, the tongue is
protruded for about half an inch into the liquor, the beak resting
in the pen, as it is held horizontal: there is a slight but rapid
and constant projection and retraction of the tubes, and the liquor
disappears very fast, perhaps by capillary attraction, perhaps by a
sort of pumping, certainly not by licking.
All the Humming-birds have more or less the habit when in flight of
pausing in the air, and throwing the body and tail into rapid and odd
contortions; this seems to be most the case with Mango, but perhaps
is more observable in Polytmus from the effect that such motions have
on the beautiful long feathers of the tail. That the object of these
quick turns is the capture of insects I am sure, having watched one
thus engaged pretty close to me; I drew up and observed it carefully,
and distinctly saw the minute flies in the air, which it pursued and
caught, and heard repeatedly the snapping of the beak. My presence
scarcely disturbed it, if at all.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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