The Black Watch was sent to France, in 1746, thence to Ireland and back to Flanders in 1747. In 1749 it was returned to Ireland where it remained eight years. In this year the regimental number was changed to the 42nd. In 1757 the regiment was a part of the expeditionary force sent to America for the French and Indian war. At Ticonderoga it served so valiantly and suffered such terrific losses that the name "The Royal Highlanders" was conferred upon it. The regiment next fought at Martinique and Guadaloupe, returning to fight again in Canada and take an important part in the battle which compelled the surrender of Montreal. Altogether, it served seven years in the West Indies and North America. It was only at this period that company sergeants were given carbines instead of the Lochaber axes which they had always carried. In 1775 the regiment returned to Scotland, having been absent 32 years. In April, 1776, the regiment embarked again for America, this time to fight in the revolution of the American colonists. They were disembarked on Staten Island, and, as I have said, they were engaged and suffered some losses in the Battle of Brooklyn. They also suffered heavily in the Battle of the Brandywine. The Black Watch next fought against Hyder Ali, in India, in 1782. In 1795 it took part in the defence of Nieuport, in Flanders, and suffered much in the Gildersmalsen retreat, in that campaign. Back again, the regiment went, after this, to the West Indies and in this campaign the men were first given a uniform suitable to wear in the tropics. Its principal features were white duck trousers and round hats. The mutations of world warfare had had their effect. The Highlanders were willing to put on pantaloons. There were but five companies of the regiment on this expedition. The whole regiment was reassembled, however, in the following year, at Gibraltar, and fought as a whole in the capture of Minorca. The year 1800 found the regiment, under Sir Ralph Abercromby, in Egypt. During the fighting with Napoleon's armies, there, the regiment lost its commander in action. In 1808 the Black Watch was among the British forces in the Peninsula and suffered extreme privation and heavy losses on the retreat from Corunna. In the following year the regiment was on the ill-fated expedition to Walcheren, returning with less than one-third of its original strength. Three years later they were in Portugal again. After the escape of Napoleon the regiment fought through to Waterloo, though without playing an important part in that last great battle. It then fought through the campaign of the Crimea as a part of Sir Colin Campbell's Highland brigade. Within a year it was in the lead of the force of six thousand men which Sir Colin led against twenty-five thousand mutineers at Cawnpore. Its next hard fighting was in the Ashanti campaign, under General Sir Garnet Wolseley.