+-------+----------+-----------------------+-------+ | | | Elevation. | | | | +-------------+---------+ Range | |Nature.| Charge. | Lines of | | in | | | |Tangt. Scale.|Deg. Min.|Toises.| +-------+----------+-------------+---------+-------+ | | | L. M. | — 58 | 300 | | | | 2 | 1 3 | 350 | | 12 Pr.| 4 lbs. | 10 | 1 39 | 400 | | | | 14 | 1 49 | 450 | | | | 16 | 1 56 | 480 | +-------+----------+-------------+---------+-------+ | | | L. M. | — 58 | 300 | | | | 6 | 1 24 | 350 | | 8 Pr. | 2½ lbs. | 12 | 1 51 | 400 | | | | 16 | 2 8 | 450 | | | | 20 | 2 24 | 480 | +-------+----------+-------------+---------+-------+ | | | L. M. | — 58 | 250 | | | | 4 | 1 20 | 300 | | | | 8 | 1 40 | 350 | | 4 Pr. | 1½ lbs. | 12 | 2 — | 400 | | | | 16 | 2 20 | 450 | | | | 18 | 2 40 | 480 | +-------+----------+-------------+---------+-------+ The above are in French weights and measures. _GUNPOWDER.—Proportions of the different Ingredients for making Gunpowder, by different Powers in Europe_: +---------+------+--------+------+--------+--------+--------+ | | Eng. | France.| Swed.| Poland.| Italy. | Russia.| +---------+------+--------+------+--------+--------+--------+ |Saltpetre| 75 | 75 | 75 | 80 | 76½ | 70 | |Sulphur | 10 | 9½ | 9 | 8 | 12½ | 11½ | |Charcoal | 15 | 15½ | 16 | 12 | 12½ | 18½ | +---------+------+--------+------+--------+--------+--------+ | Pounds | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | +---------+------+--------+------+--------+--------+--------+ _Proofs of Powder._—The first examination of powder in the king’s mills, is by rubbing it in the hands to find whether it contains any irregular hard lumps. The second is by blasting 2 drams of each sort on a copper plate, and in this comparing it with an approved powder; in this proof it should not emit any sparks, nor leave any beads or foulness on the copper. It is then compared with an approved powder, in projecting an iron ball of 64 lbs. from an 8 inch mortar, with a charge of 2 ounces. The best cylinder powder generally gives about 180 feet range, and pit 150; but the weakest powder, or powder that has been redried, &c. only from 107 to 117 feet.