and that the specimen of the same species that went to the Stockholm Museum was the original of Seba’s figure 1 of plate 43. Under these circumstances we can have no hesitation in following Sir Victor Brooke, and adopting the term _pygmæus_ of Linnæus as being the correct specific name of this Antelope. For its generic name we must use the term _Neotragus_, proposed by Hamilton Smith in 1827, as being unquestionably first in date, and the Royal Antelope thus becomes _Neotragus pygmæus_ in the scientific terminology of modern Natural History. [Illustration: Fig. 26. Skull of _Neotragus pygmæus_, ♂. (P. Z. S. 1872, p. 642.)] Pennant, in his ‘Synopsis of Quadrupeds,’ published in 1771, is perhaps the first author who called the present species the “Royal Antelope,” quoting first of all Bosman’s term “King of the Harts,” though he added to its synonyms references to other species which probably do not belong to it. Erxleben in 1777 based the name _Antilope regia_ upon nearly the same authorities, but this term, as we have already shown, was antedated by Linnæus’s _Capra pygmæa_. In 1827 Temminck applied the name _Antilope spinigera_ to the same animal, without, however, giving any description of it. Temminck’s name was employed by Sundevall in his excellent essay upon the _Pecora_, first published in 1846, when, however, he very unnecessarily created the new generic term _Nanotragus_ for this species, which, as already stated, had previously been called _Neotragus_ by Hamilton Smith. Sundevall took his description from an adult male specimen in the Leyden Museum, stating that he had also seen a female at Paris, but had mislaid his notes upon it. The earliest specimens of _Neotragus pygmæus_ in the Leyden Museum, which consisted of two adult males and the skeleton of a female, were received in 1824 from the Dutch Factory on the Gold Coast. The first collector of modern date who met with examples of this little Antelope appears to have been the Dutch naturalist Pel, who, when he left Leyden on his travels, was specially recommended by Temminck to search for it. After ten years’ residence upon the Gold Coast Pel succeeded in procuring three individuals only, which were found by him on the borders of Ashantee, and when sent home to Leyden served for Temminck’s excellent description of this animal, published in his ‘Esquisses Zoologiques sur la Côte du Guinée’ in 1853. Pel’s notes state that this Antelope is found “solitary or in pairs in the thickest forests of the Guinea coast. Their activity is remarkable, and they are disturbed at the least noise, starting off with leaps and bounds to a considerable distance.” Pel’s exact localities for these specimens, as given in the ‘Catalogue of the Mammals of the Leyden Museum’ (1892), are Dabocrom, St. George d’Elmina, and Ashantee.